Global Tonga tsunami explained by a fast-moving atmospheric source.
Global Tonga tsunami explained by a fast-moving atmospheric source.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-022-04926-4
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发表时间：
2022-09
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Baptista, M. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Omira, R.;Ramalho, R. S.;Kim, J.;Gonzalez, P. J.;Kadri, U.;Miranda, J. M.;Carrilho, F.;Baptista, M. A.
火山可以通过地震、破火山口和侧翼坍塌、火山碎屑流或水下爆炸产生海啸。这些机制很少转移足够的水来引发跨洋海啸。然而，剧烈的火山爆发会引发声重力波，激发大气-海洋界面，从而引发全球海啸。Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai火山的巨大爆发和随后的海啸是世界范围内现代密集仪器记录的第一次全球火山引发的海啸，从而为研究海啸产生和传播中的气水耦合过程的作用提供了一个独特的机会。在这里，我们使用海平面，大气和卫星数据从整个地球仪，沿着与数值和分析模型，证明这场海啸是由一个不断移动的源，其中的声重力波辐射从火山爆发激发海洋和转移能量到它通过共振。海啸和声重力波到达时间之间的直接相关性证实了这些现象是密切相关的。我们的模型还显示，海啸异常快速的传播时间和长时间的持续时间，以及其全球影响范围，与空气-水耦合源一致。这种耦合机制具有明显的危险影响，因为它导致更高的波浪沿着陆地块，从深海沃茨的长距离突然上升。通过分析Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai火山爆发后获得的海平面、大气和卫星数据以及数字和分析模型，可以看出声重力波可以引发全球海啸。
Volcanoes can produce tsunamis by means of earthquakes, caldera and flank collapses, pyroclastic flows or underwater explosions. These mechanisms rarely displace enough water to trigger transoceanic tsunamis. Violent volcanic explosions, however, can cause global tsunamis by triggering acoustic-gravity waves that excite the atmosphere–ocean interface. The colossal eruption of the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai volcano and ensuing tsunami is the first global volcano-triggered tsunami recorded by modern, worldwide dense instrumentation, thus providing a unique opportunity to investigate the role of air–water-coupling processes in tsunami generation and propagation. Here we use sea-level, atmospheric and satellite data from across the globe, along with numerical and analytical models, to demonstrate that this tsunami was driven by a constantly moving source in which the acoustic-gravity waves radiating from the eruption excite the ocean and transfer energy into it by means of resonance. A direct correlation between the tsunami and the acoustic-gravity waves’ arrival times confirms that these phenomena are closely linked. Our models also show that the unusually fast travel times and long duration of the tsunami, as well as its global reach, are consistent with an air–water-coupled source. This coupling mechanism has clear hazard implications, as it leads to higher waves along land masses that rise abruptly from long stretches of deep ocean waters. By analysing sea-level, atmospheric and satellite data captured after eruption of the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai volcano, as well as numerical and analytical models, it is shown that global tsunamis can be triggered by acoustic-gravity waves.
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影响因子：
3
作者：
Fujii, Yushiro;Satake, Kenji;Kanazawa, Toshihiko
通讯作者：
Kanazawa, Toshihiko
DOI：
10.1016/0377-0273(85)90021-6
发表时间：
1985-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
FRANCIS, PW
通讯作者：
FRANCIS, PW
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Kadri, Usama;Akylas, T. R.
通讯作者：
Akylas, T. R.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Lowe, DJ;de Lange, WP
通讯作者：
de Lange, WP
DOI：
10.1017/s0962492911000043
发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
ACTA NUMERICA 2011, VOL 20
影响因子：
--
作者：
LeVeque, Randall J.;George, David L.;Berger, Marsha J.
通讯作者：
Berger, Marsha J.