Understanding face matching.
Understanding face matching.
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DOI：
10.1177/17470218221104476
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发表时间：
2023-04
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Bindemann, Markus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fysh, Matthew C.;Bindemann, Markus
许多安全设置依赖于不熟悉的人的身份匹配，这使得这项任务在认知心理学中得到了广泛的研究。在这些实验中，观察者通常会决定成对的面孔是描绘一个人（身份匹配）还是两个不同的人（身份不匹配）。被比较面孔的视觉相似性必须在观察者如何准确地解决这个任务中发挥主要作用，但这种相似性-准确性关系的性质尚不清楚。本研究探讨了准确性和面部相似性之间的关联，在个别项目（实验1和2）和面部特征（实验3和4）的水平。所有的实验都证明了相似性和匹配精度之间的密切联系，这表明这构成了识别决策的基础。然而，在特征水平上，相似性与匹配和失配精度表现出不同的关系。在匹配中，相似性信息通常在被比较的人脸对的特征之间共享，更大的相似性与更高的准确性相关。相反，不匹配的人脸对中的特征在相似性信息中表现出更大的变化。这表明身份匹配和不匹配的特征在于不同的相似性配置文件，这对认知系统提出了不同的挑战。我们建议，这些识别决策可以通过在匹配中的收敛特征信息的积累和在不匹配中的发散特征信息的评估来解决。
Many security settings rely on the identity matching of unfamiliar people, which has led this task to be studied extensively in Cognitive Psychology. In these experiments, observers typically decide whether pairs of faces depict one person (an identity match) or two different people (an identity mismatch). The visual similarity of the to-be-compared faces must play a primary role in how observers accurately resolve this task, but the nature of this similarity–accuracy relationship is unclear. The current study investigated the association between accuracy and facial similarity at the level of individual items (Experiments 1 and 2) and facial features (Experiments 3 and 4). All experiments demonstrate a strong link between similarity and matching accuracy, indicating that this forms the basis of identification decisions. At a feature level, however, similarity exhibited distinct relationships with match and mismatch accuracy. In matches, similarity information was generally shared across the features of a face pair under comparison, with greater similarity linked to higher accuracy. Conversely, features within mismatching face pairs exhibited greater variation in similarity information. This indicates that identity matches and mismatches are characterised by different similarity profiles, which present distinct challenges to the cognitive system. We propose that these identification decisions can be resolved through the accumulation of convergent featural information in matches and the evaluation of divergent featural information in mismatches.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Bate, Sarah;Bennetts, Rachel;Bussunt, Amanda
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
22.4
作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1186/s41235-018-0116-5
发表时间：
2018-12
期刊：
Cognitive research: principles and implications
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
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