Complex adaptive responses during antagonistic coevolution between Tribolium castaneum and its natural parasite Nosema whitei revealed by multiple fitness components.
Complex adaptive responses during antagonistic coevolution between Tribolium castaneum and its natural parasite Nosema whitei revealed by multiple fitness components.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2148-12-11
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发表时间：
2012-01-26
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Wegner KM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bérénos C;Schmid-Hempel P;Wegner KM
如果宿主和寄生虫之间存在特异性(GXG相互作用)和不对称的进化潜力，宿主-寄生虫的协同进化可以导致寄生虫或宿主的局部适应。这一点在实验和实地研究中都得到了证明，但相当大比例的研究未能发现这种明确的模式。对此的一种解释是，适应可以通过拮抗者的反适应来掩盖。此外，这种相互作用的遗传结构通常是高度复杂的，从而阻止了特定的适应性反应。在这里，我们使用交互交叉感染实验来揭示影响双方的适应度的两个组件的适应性反应，这些组件具有不同的潜在遗传结构的复杂性(即死亡率和孢子载量)。此外，我们在宿主(Tribolium Castaneum)和寄生虫(Nosema White Ei)之间的实验共同进化包括来自相同遗传背景的幼稚宿主的成对复制，以允许分离宿主和寄生虫的特异性反应。在寄主中，与成对的对照品系相比，共同进化导致了更高的抗性，并改变了抗性图谱。寄主基因×寄生基因互作(GH×GP)对孢子载量(遗传复杂性较低的性状)有影响，但对死亡率没有影响。总体上，寄生虫的性能与其匹配的宿主共同进化背景的抗性相关，反映了在共同进化过程中对选择强度的定向和非特异性反应。尽管强制捕杀寄生虫施加了很高的选择压力，以及宿主和寄生虫特定的死亡率谱，但没有观察到局部适应的一般模式，但在共同进化和对照宿主种群中始终观察到一例寄生虫适应不良。此外，在检测中使用复制控制宿主群体发现了一例宿主适应不良和一例寄生虫适应被宿主反适应所掩盖，这表明存在复杂的且可能动态变化的适应格局。我们的结果表明，复制的朴素种群的使用可以作为一种有用的工具来区分寄主和寄生虫在复杂和动态的适应环境中的适应。在与有性寄主的协同进化过程中，缺乏明确的局部适应模式，显示出复杂的抗性遗传结构，这表明对共性的定向选择可能是宿主-寄生虫协同进化的更重要的属性。
Host-parasite coevolution can lead to local adaptation of either parasite or host if there is specificity (GxG interactions) and asymmetric evolutionary potential between host and parasite. This has been demonstrated both experimentally and in field studies, but a substantial proportion of studies fail to detect such clear-cut patterns. One explanation for this is that adaptation can be masked by counter-adaptation by the antagonist. Additionally, genetic architecture underlying the interaction is often highly complex thus preventing specific adaptive responses. Here, we have employed a reciprocal cross-infection experiment to unravel the adaptive responses of two components of fitness affecting both parties with different complexities of the underlying genetic architecture (i.e. mortality and spore load). Furthermore, our experimental coevolution of hosts (Tribolium castaneum) and parasites (Nosema whitei) included paired replicates of naive hosts from identical genetic backgrounds to allow separation between host- and parasite-specific responses. In hosts, coevolution led to higher resistance and altered resistance profiles compared to paired control lines. Host genotype × parasite genotype interactions (GH × GP) were observed for spore load (the trait of lower genetic complexity), but not for mortality. Overall parasite performance correlated with resistance of its matching host coevolution background reflecting a directional and unspecific response to strength of selection during coevolution. Despite high selective pressures exerted by the obligatory killing parasite, and host- and parasite-specific mortality profiles, no general pattern of local adaptation was observed, but one case of parasite maladaptation was consistently observed on both coevolved and control host populations. In addition, the use of replicate control host populations in the assay revealed one case of host maladaptation and one case of parasite adaptation that was masked by host counter-adaptation, suggesting the presence of complex and probably dynamically changing fitness landscapes. Our results demonstrate that the use of replicate naive populations can be a useful tool to differentiate between host and parasite adaptation in complex and dynamic fitness landscapes. The absence of clear local adaptation patterns during coevolution with a sexual host showing a complex genetic architecture for resistance suggests that directional selection for generality may be more important attributes of host-parasite coevolution than commonly assumed.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Buckling, A;Rainey, PB
通讯作者：
Rainey, PB
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Duffy, Meghan A.;Sivars-Becker, Lena
通讯作者：
Sivars-Becker, Lena
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Adiba, S.;Huet, M.;Kaltz, O.
通讯作者：
Kaltz, O.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
BURGES, HD;WEISER, J
通讯作者：
WEISER, J
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Kaltz, O;Gandon, S;Shykoff, JA
通讯作者：
Shykoff, JA