An early warning system to predict and mitigate wheat rust diseases in Ethiopia.
An early warning system to predict and mitigate wheat rust diseases in Ethiopia.
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DOI：
10.1088/1748-9326/ab4034
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发表时间：
2019-10-30
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gilligan CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allen-Sader C;Thurston W;Meyer M;Nure E;Bacha N;Alemayehu Y;Stutt ROJH;Safka D;Craig AP;Derso E;Burgin LE;Millington SC;Hort MC;Hodson DP;Gilligan CA
小麦锈病是全球粮食安全的最大威胁之一，包括埃塞俄比亚的自给农民。传播小麦锈病的真菌孢子被风吹散，在长距离传播后仍能保持感染性。新品种小麦锈病的出现加剧了严重作物损失的风险。我们描述了针对埃塞俄比亚小麦作物两种主要风传播疾病的近实时预警系统（EWS）的建设和部署，该系统结合了埃塞俄比亚和英国多个组织现有的环境研究基础设施、新开发的工具和科学专业知识。EWS包括一个复杂的框架，该框架整合了实地和移动的电话监测数据、孢子传播和疾病环境适宜性预测，以及与政策制定者、顾问和小农的沟通。该系统涉及埃塞俄比亚小麦季节两大洲之间的每日自动数据流动。该框架利用生物学、农学、气象学、计算机科学和电信等跨学科领域的专业知识和环境研究基础设施。EWS成功地提供了及时的信息，以帮助政策制定者制定关于在2017年和2018年小麦季节分配有限的杀菌剂库存的决策。通过短信服务和报告向埃塞俄比亚10 000名发展代理人和大约275 000名依靠小麦维持生计的小农发送了小麦锈病警报和警告。该框架是在发展中国家实施的第一批先进作物病害预警系统之一。它为政策制定者、推广人员和农民提供有关影响主要粮食作物的优先疾病的及时、可操作的信息。该框架与基础技术一起可用于预测其他地区的小麦锈病，并可随时适用于主要农作物的其他风传播害虫和疾病。
Wheat rust diseases pose one of the greatest threats to global food security, including subsistence farmers in Ethiopia. The fungal spores transmitting wheat rust are dispersed by wind and can remain infectious after dispersal over long distances. The emergence of new strains of wheat rust has exacerbated the risks of severe crop loss. We describe the construction and deployment of a near realtime early warning system (EWS) for two major wind-dispersed diseases of wheat crops in Ethiopia that combines existing environmental research infrastructures, newly developed tools and scientific expertise across multiple organisations in Ethiopia and the UK. The EWS encompasses a sophisticated framework that integrates field and mobile phone surveillance data, spore dispersal and disease environmental suitability forecasting, as well as communication to policy-makers, advisors and smallholder farmers. The system involves daily automated data flow between two continents during the wheat season in Ethiopia. The framework utilises expertise and environmental research infrastructures from within the cross-disciplinary spectrum of biology, agronomy, meteorology, computer science and telecommunications. The EWS successfully provided timely information to assist policy makers formulate decisions about allocation of limited stock of fungicide during the 2017 and 2018 wheat seasons. Wheat rust alerts and advisories were sent by short message service and reports to 10 000 development agents and approximately 275 000 smallholder farmers in Ethiopia who rely on wheat for subsistence and livelihood security. The framework represents one of the first advanced crop disease EWSs implemented in a developing country. It provides policy-makers, extension agents and farmers with timely, actionable information on priority diseases affecting a staple food crop. The framework together with the underpinning technologies are transferable to forecast wheat rusts in other regions and can be readily adapted for other wind-dispersed pests and disease of major agricultural crops.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Olivera, Pablo;Newcomb, Maria;Jin, Yue
通讯作者：
Jin, Yue
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4939-7249-4_1
发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
WHEAT RUST DISEASES: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ali, Sajid;Hodson, David
通讯作者：
Hodson, David
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Walters, David;Baran, Anthony J.;Zerroukat, Mohamed
通讯作者：
Zerroukat, Mohamed
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
DEVALLAVIEILLEPOPE, C;HUBER, L;GOYEAU, H
通讯作者：
GOYEAU, H
影响因子：
18
作者：
Meyer, M.;Cox, J. A.;Gilligan, C. A.
通讯作者：
Gilligan, C. A.