Bronze Age höyüks, Iron Age hilltop forts, Roman poleis and Byzantine pilgrimage in Germia and its vicinity. ‘Connectivity’ and a lack of ‘definite places’ on the central Anatolian high plateau

Bronze Age höyüks, Iron Age hilltop forts, Roman poleis and Byzantine pilgrimage in Germia and its vicinity. ‘Connectivity’ and a lack of ‘definite places’ on the central Anatolian high plateau
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青铜时代的 höyüks、铁器时代的山顶堡垒、罗马城墙和热尔米亚及其附近地区的拜占庭朝圣活动 安纳托利亚中部高原上“连通性”和缺乏“明确地点”

DOI:
10.1017/s0066154613000069
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
影响因子:
1.2
通讯作者:
und Heiko Woith
und Heiko Woith
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Philipp Niewöhner;Gülseren Dikilitaş;Ercan Erkul;Stefan Giese;Joachim Gorecki;Walter Prochaska;Deniz Sarı;Harald Stümpel;Ali Vardar;Alice Waldner;Andreas Victor Walser;und Heiko Woith

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格尔米亚是安纳托利亚中西部一个关系密切的拜占庭城邦,以其治疗沃茨和圣迈克尔教堂而闻名。经过三年的调查,该遗址现在可以重建:它包括其他几座教堂和修道院,但普通住宅建筑的空间很小。这是一个惊喜,但可以解释为发现两个古老的罗马城市在步行距离内的格尔米亚,那里的普通人似乎已经生活。其中一个城市,曼塔罗斯,是当地异教神人崇拜的所在地。这也许可以解释为什么基督教治疗中心建立在格尔米亚。后来,曼塔罗斯摆脱了它的异教徒遗产,显然是在狄奥多西王朝的一个荷马成员之后改名为欧多克西亚斯。该地区没有罗马或拜占庭定居点的历史可以追溯到铁器时代,当时人口撤退到设防的山顶定居点,许多相当大的青铜时代höyüks被遗弃。安纳托利亚中部的定居点位置经常变化,几乎没有增长,这可能归咎于高原的统一景观;它缺乏地中海多样的地理“确定的地方”,这将有利于一个网站高于其他网站,并确保其连续性和增长。
Germia was a well-connected Byzantine polis in western-central Anatolia, famous for its healing waters and a church of St Michael. After three years of survey the site can now be reconstructed: it included several other churches and monasteries, but little space for ordinary residential buildings. This comes as a surprise, but can be explained by the discovery of two older Roman cities within walking-distance of Germia, where the ordinary people seem to have lived. One of these cities, Mantalos, was home to a local cult of the pagan god Men. This may explain why the Christian healing centre was established at Germia. Later, Mantalos shed its pagan legacy and was apparently renamed Eudoxias after a homonymous member of the Theodosian dynasty. No Roman or Byzantine settlement of the region has a history extending back beyond the Iron Age, when the population retreated to fortified hilltop settlements and many sizable Bronze Age höyüks were deserted. Settlement locations changed often and grew little in central Anatolia, and this may be blamed on the uniform landscape of the high plateau; it lacks the Mediterranean's diverse geography of ‘definite places’ that would favour one site above others and ensure its continuity and growth.
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