It takes two to tango: Phagocyte and lymphocyte numbers in a small mammalian hibernator
It takes two to tango: Phagocyte and lymphocyte numbers in a small mammalian hibernator
复制标题
探戈需要两个人：小型哺乳动物冬眠者的吞噬细胞和淋巴细胞数量
DOI：
10.1016/j.bbi.2015.09.018
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fietz J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Havenstein N;Langer F;Stefanski V;Fietz J
免疫力非常昂贵，而且会与身体的其他生理功能竞争资源，这可能会导致在苛刻的情况下损害健康的权衡。内分泌介质，特别是应激激素，在这些关系中发挥核心作用，并直接影响白细胞分化。为了确定外部应激源、能量限制和相互竞争的生理功能对免疫参数的影响及其与健康的相关性，我们在德国西南部的五个不同研究地点调查了一种小型专性冬眠动物--可食用睡鼠(Glis Glis)活动季节的白细胞谱。该物种高度同步的年度周期以及其生活史对不规律丰富的食物资源的密切适应，为阐明适应参数变化的潜在机制提供了一个自然实验。与以前关于冬眠者的研究不同，我们的研究表明，冬眠导致吞噬细胞(中性粒细胞和单核细胞)存储耗尽，恢复缓慢。由于低吞噬细胞计数的现象在低食物年开始时更加明显，而且在出现时血液中主要存在未成熟的中性粒细胞，因此，准备机制似乎决定了冬眠结束前吞噬细胞的再生。令人惊讶的是，吞噬细胞的恢复花了几个星期的时间，可能是由于能量限制。这种受损的第一道防线与我们研究物种的年度周期中最低的生存概率相吻合。存活率的降低还可能与生殖过程中P/L比率(吞噬细胞/淋巴细胞)的急剧增加有关，这是生理压力的一个指标。另一方面，P/L比值的适度增加发生在食物可获得性较低的时期，并与存活率增加有关，但繁殖失败。在这种情况下，压力反应可能代表了一种适应性反应，通过激活能量资源来促进生存。与我们的预期相反，我们没有通过高人口密度检测到压力的放大。综上所述，我们的研究结果清楚地表明，活跃的可食用睡鼠的白细胞图像对与冬眠、生殖活动和食物可获得性相关的生理条件反应敏感，并与生存等健康参数有关。因此，可食用睡鼠是研究自然条件下免疫系统调节机制的一个很好的模式生物。
Immunity is energetically costly and competes for resources with other physiological body functions, which may result in trade-offs that impair fitness during demanding situations. Endocrine mediators, particularly stress hormones, play a central role in these relationships and directly impact leukocyte differentials. To determine the effects of external stressors, energetic restraints and competing physiological functions on immune parameters and their relevance for fitness, we investigated leukocyte profiles during the active season of a small obligate hibernator, the edible dormouse (Glis glis), in five different study sites in south-western Germany. The highly synchronized yearly cycle of this species and the close adaptation of its life history to the irregular abundance of food resources provide a natural experiment to elucidate mechanisms underlying variations in fitness parameters. In contrast to previous studies on hibernators, that showed an immediate recovery of all leukocyte subtypes upon emergence, our study revealed that hibernation results in depleted phagocyte (neutrophils and monocytes) stores that recovered only slowly. As the phenomenon of low phagocyte counts was even more pronounced at the beginning of a low food year and primarily immature neutrophils were present in the blood upon emergence, preparatory mechanisms seem to determine the regeneration of phagocytes before hibernation is terminated. Surprisingly, the recovery of phagocytes thereafter took several weeks, presumably due to energetic restrictions. This impaired first line of defense coincides with lowest survival probabilities during the annual cycle of our study species. Reduced survival could furthermore be linked to drastic increases in the P/L ratio (phagocytes/lymphocytes), an indicator of physiological stress, during reproduction. On the other hand, moderate augmentations in the P/L ratio occurred during periods of low food availability and were associated with increased survival, but reproductive failure. In this case, the stress response probably represents an adaptive reaction that contributes to survival by activating energy resources. In contrast to our expectation, we could not detect an amplification of stress through high population densities. Summarized, results of our study clearly reveal that the leukocyte picture of active edible dormice responds sensitively to physiological conditions associated with hibernation, reproductive activity and food availability and can be linked to fitness parameters such as survival. Thus edible dormice represent an excellent model organism to investigate regulatory mechanisms of the immune system under natural conditions.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.2001.281.2.r572
发表时间：
2001-08
期刊：
American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ø. Tøien;K. Drew;M. L. Chao;M. Rice
通讯作者：
Ø. Tøien;K. Drew;M. L. Chao;M. Rice
影响因子：
20.3
作者：
Eash, Kyle J.;Means, Jacquelyn M.;Link, Daniel C.
通讯作者：
Link, Daniel C.
DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.00562.2001
发表时间：
2002-04-01
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Prendergast, BJ;Freeman, DA;Nelson, RJ
通讯作者：
Nelson, RJ
影响因子：
82.9
作者：
通讯作者：
--
糖皮质激素剂量依赖性地增加人类粒细胞集落刺激因子的血浆水平。
DOI：
10.1210/jcem.83.3.4802
发表时间：
1998
期刊：
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bernd Jilma;P. Stohlawetz;T. Pernerstorfer;Hans;Claudia Müllner;Stylianos Kapiotis
通讯作者：
Stylianos Kapiotis