Protestant women in the late Soviet era: gender, authority, and dissent

Protestant women in the late Soviet era: gender, authority, and dissent
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苏联时代末期的新教妇女:性别、权威和异议

DOI:
10.1080/00085006.2016.1157923
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发表时间:
2016
影响因子:
0.4
通讯作者:
Beliakova N
Beliakova N
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Beliakova N

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在尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫(Nikita Khrushchev)领导下的反宗教运动的高峰期,共产党的宣传将女性信徒描绘成naïve被神职人员欺骗的人,或者是堕落的狂热分子;新教的“sektantka”(女性教派)是一个特别突出的民间恶魔。事实上,正如本文所示,女性在新教社区中的地位远比这两位神话人物所想象的要复杂得多。作者探讨了四个重要但有争议的女性角色:女性作为敬拜的领袖,特别是在女性信徒人数远远超过男性信徒的偏远教会;女性作为非官方的先知,主要是在五旬节派团体中;妇女作为母亲,通过高出生率和对子女宗教教育的承诺来补充会众;以及女性在捍卫宗教权利方面的政治角色。作者利用广泛的资料来源,包括国家官员写的报告、教会期刊上的文章、教会成员给莫斯科教会领袖的信、地下文献和口述历史,从教会(男性)牧师的权威和苏维埃国家的权威两方面探讨了女性与权威的关系。
At the peak of the anti-religious campaigns under Nikita Khrushchev, communist propaganda depicted women believers as either naïve dupes, tricked by the clergy, or as depraved fanatics; the Protestant “sektantka” (female sectarian) was a particularly prominent folk-devil. In fact, as this article shows, women’s position within Protestant communities was far more complex than either of these mythical figures would have one believe. The authors explore four important, but contested, female roles: women as leaders of worship, particularly in remote congregations where female believers vastly outnumbered their male counterparts; women as unofficial prophetesses, primarily within Pentecostal groups; women as mothers, replenishing congregations through high birth rates and commitment to their children’s religious upbringing; and women as political actors in the defence of religious rights. Using a wide range of sources, which include reports written by state officials, articles in the church journal, letters from church members to their ecclesiastical leaders in Moscow,samizdattexts, and oral history accounts, the authors probe women’s relationship with authority, in terms of both the authority of the (male) ministry within the church, and the authority of the Soviet state.
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