Circadian Metabolomics in Time and Space.

Circadian Metabolomics in Time and Space.
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DOI:
10.3389/fnins.2017.00369
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Eckel-Mahan KL
Eckel-Mahan KL
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dyar KA;Eckel-Mahan KL

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众所周知,昼夜节律控制着人类的健康和疾病,但将昼夜节律破坏与代谢疾病联系起来的特定致病机制才刚刚开始显现。这在一定程度上要归功于生物学和医学中各种基于“组学”的工具的开发和应用。目前的高通量技术允许随着时间的推移同时监测多个动态细胞事件,从基因表达到代谢物丰度和亚细胞定位。这些基本的时间和空间的观点,使人们能够更全面地了解各种动态的细胞事件和生化过程是如何在健康和疾病相关。随着技术的进步,代谢组学已经成为研究代谢的更常规的“组学”方法,而“昼夜代谢组学”(即,研究24小时代谢组)最近已经由几个小组进行。迄今为止,已经报道了人血清、唾液、呼吸和尿液以及在特定疾病或诱变条件下来自几个物种的组织的昼夜代谢组。重要的是,这些研究一致表明,24小时节律在几乎所有组织和代谢途径中普遍存在。此外,组织代谢中的这些昼夜节律最终与内部24小时生物钟相关并由其指导。在这篇综述中,我们将尝试将这些数据丰富的昼夜节律代谢组学实验纳入视角,以了解它们可以告诉我们关于代谢健康和疾病的信息,以及它们可能揭示的其他生物标志物潜力。
Circadian rhythms are widely known to govern human health and disease, but specific pathogenic mechanisms linking circadian disruption to metabolic diseases are just beginning to come to light. This is thanks in part to the development and application of various “omics”-based tools in biology and medicine. Current high-throughput technologies allow for the simultaneous monitoring of multiple dynamic cellular events over time, ranging from gene expression to metabolite abundance and sub-cellular localization. These fundamental temporal and spatial perspectives have allowed for a more comprehensive understanding of how various dynamic cellular events and biochemical processes are related in health and disease. With advances in technology, metabolomics has become a more routine “omics” approach for studying metabolism, and “circadian metabolomics” (i.e., studying the 24-h metabolome) has recently been undertaken by several groups. To date, circadian metabolomes have been reported for human serum, saliva, breath, and urine, as well as tissues from several species under specific disease or mutagenesis conditions. Importantly, these studies have consistently revealed that 24-h rhythms are prevalent in almost every tissue and metabolic pathway. Furthermore, these circadian rhythms in tissue metabolism are ultimately linked to and directed by internal 24-h biological clocks. In this review, we will attempt to put these data-rich circadian metabolomics experiments into perspective to find out what they can tell us about metabolic health and disease, and what additional biomarker potential they may reveal.
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