Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analysis of the muscular and nervous systems in the interstitial polychaete Polygordius appendiculatus (Annelida)
Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analysis of the muscular and nervous systems in the interstitial polychaete Polygordius appendiculatus (Annelida)
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间质多毛类 Polygordiusappiculatus（环节动物）肌肉和神经系统的免疫组织化学和超微结构分析
DOI：
10.1007/s00435-013-0203-6
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Purschke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lehmacher;Purschke
关于Polygordiidae的分类地位仍有争议。他们被分配到多角体中的各种职位。最近的分子分析表明，他们很可能是环节动物的基础辐射的一部分，这表明某些形态特征可能代表了环节动物茎物种的原始特征。为了验证这一假设，通过免疫染色和共聚焦激光扫描显微镜和透射电子显微镜的肌肉和神经系统的调查进行。除脑外，神经系统完全是表皮下的，由脑、食管连接、食管下区、腹神经索和几条较小的纵神经组成。这些都是由相当数量的环神经在每个部分连接。腹神经索是由紧密并列的纵向神经突束，中间和两个较大的侧面。由于缺乏明显的神经节，它代表了髓索。肌肉系统主要由纵行肌纤维、规则分布的斜肌和结实的隔组成。纵纤维形成沿背中线沿着分开的左右两个单位，每个单位被斜肌分成背侧和腹侧部分。在前面，纵向肌肉组织通过大脑并终止于口前。触须上没有肌肉组织。与早期的观察相反，存在规则排列的微小环形肌纤维。腹神经索的基底上皮和非神经节组织以及正交神经系统很可能代表了近形特征。这同样适用于纵向肌纤维的优势。
The systematic position of Polygordiidae is still under debate. They have been assigned to various positions among the polychaetes. Recent molecular analyses indicate that they might well be part of a basal radiation in Annelida, suggesting that certain morphological characters could represent primitive character traits adopted from the annelid stem species. To test this hypothesis, an investigation of the muscular and nervous systems by means of immunological staining and confocal laser scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy was conducted. With the exception of the brain, the nervous system is entirely basiepidermal and consists of the brain, the esophageal connectives, the subesophageal region, the ventral nerve cord and several smaller longitudinal nerves. These are connected by a considerable number of ring nerves in each segment. The ventral nerve cord is made up of closely apposed longitudinal neurite bundles, a median and two larger lateral ones. Since distinct ganglia are lacking, it represents a medullary cord. The muscular system mainly consists of longitudinal fibers, regularly distributed oblique muscles and strong septa. The longitudinal fibers form a right and a left unit separated along the dorsal midline, each divided into a dorsal and ventral part by the oblique muscles. Anteriorly, the longitudinal musculature passes the brain and terminates in the prostomium. There is no musculature in the palps. In contrast to earlier observations, regularly arranged minute circular muscle fibers are present. Very likely, a basiepithelial and non-ganglionic organization of the ventral nerve cord as well as an orthogonal nervous system represent plesiomorphic characters. The same applies for the predominance of longitudinal muscle fibers.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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作者：
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