Approaches to Vaccination Among Populations in Areas of Conflict.
Approaches to Vaccination Among Populations in Areas of Conflict.
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DOI：
10.1093/infdis/jix175
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发表时间：
2017-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Durry E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nnadi C;Etsano A;Uba B;Ohuabunwo C;Melton M;Wa Nganda G;Esapa L;Bolu O;Mahoney F;Vertefeuille J;Wiesen E;Durry E
疫苗接种是一项重要且具有成本效益的疾病预防和控制战略。尽管世界各地在疫苗开发和免疫提供系统方面取得了进展，但冲突地区（以下简称“冲突环境”）的人口获得救命疫苗的机会往往有限或根本没有，使他们面临与疫苗可预防疾病相关的发病率和死亡率增加的风险。如果不制定和完善在冲突环境中接触儿童和其他弱势人群并为其接种疫苗的方法，这些环境中疫苗可预防疾病的爆发可能会持续存在并蔓延到次国家和国际边界。了解和改进目前在冲突和人道主义紧急情况下为人口接种疫苗的方法可以挽救生命。尽管遭遇重大挫折，全球根除脊髓灰质炎行动在为全世界数百万儿童接种疫苗方面取得了重大进展，其中包括生活在受冲突和其他人道主义紧急情况影响社区的儿童。在本文中，我们研究了在尼日利亚、索马里和巴基斯坦等不同冲突环境中提高脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种覆盖率的关键战略和操作策略，以及如何将这些策略应用于全球其他环境中的人群并为其接种疫苗。
Vaccination is an important and cost-effective disease prevention and control strategy. Despite progress in vaccine development and immunization delivery systems worldwide, populations in areas of conflict (hereafter, “conflict settings”) often have limited or no access to lifesaving vaccines, leaving them at increased risk for morbidity and mortality related to vaccine-preventable disease. Without developing and refining approaches to reach and vaccinate children and other vulnerable populations in conflict settings, outbreaks of vaccine-preventable disease in these settings may persist and spread across subnational and international borders. Understanding and refining current approaches to vaccinating populations in conflict and humanitarian emergency settings may save lives. Despite major setbacks, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative has made substantial progress in vaccinating millions of children worldwide, including those living in communities affected by conflicts and other humanitarian emergencies. In this article, we examine key strategic and operational tactics that have led to increased polio vaccination coverage among populations living in diverse conflict settings, including Nigeria, Somalia, and Pakistan, and how these could be applied to reach and vaccinate populations in other settings across the world.
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