Life satisfaction in coastal Kenya and Mozambique reflects culture, gendered relationships and security of basic needs: Implications for ecosystem services
Life satisfaction in coastal Kenya and Mozambique reflects culture, gendered relationships and security of basic needs: Implications for ecosystem services
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肯尼亚和莫桑比克沿海地区的生活满意度反映了文化、性别关系和基本需求保障：对生态系统服务的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoser.2023.101532
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Daw T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Daw T
生活满意度既是可持续发展的理想“目的”，也是理解人们对当地生态系统的优先事项和行为的一种手段。关于生活满意度的生态系统服务研究侧重于富裕的西方环境中的文化服务，尽管生态系统服务对全球南方的穷人的生计至关重要。我们对肯尼亚和莫桑比克沿海地区的2000多名城乡居民进行了一项调查，调查了他们对生活的满意度。我们对受访者报告满意度的开放式原因进行了编码，并使用多重对应分析来探索提到不同原因的人的特征。我们用二元逻辑回归检验了满意度与满足基本需求和收入之间的关系，考虑了地点和性别。肯尼亚的生活满意度较低，男性和城市化程度最高的地点。受访者解释了在社会关系、基本需求、金钱和就业方面的高满意度和低满意度。他们很少提到支撑这些服务的生态系统服务和相关生计，这表明了与自然的工具性关系。满足基本需求，包括经济安全，比家庭收入更能预测满意度。生活满意度反映了人们生活中的物质差异，但也反映了不同的评估标准和国家文化。例如，家庭原因更多地解释了女性的满足感，而金钱对城市男性更重要。我们建议，生活满意度研究提供的整体视角可以为环境管理提供信息，同时也可以更专注于生态系统服务研究。例如，我们的结果表明，a)干预措施应该认识到眼前的需求和社会关系，b)生态系统服务对主观福祉的作用因当地文化和个人身份而异，c)安全和公平地获得生态系统服务可能比不安全或分配不均的高收入更能支持生活满意度。
Life satisfaction is both a desirable ‘end’ for sustainable development, and a means to understand the priorities, and behaviour of people towards local ecosystems. Ecosystem-services research on life satisfaction has focused on cultural services in wealthy, Western contexts, although ecosystem services are essential for poor people’s livelihoods in the Global South. We examined reported life satisfaction from a survey of over 2000 people in rural and urban settings of coastal Kenya and Mozambique. We coded respondents’ open-ended reasons for their reported satisfaction, and used multiple correspondence analysis to explore the characteristics of people who mentioned different reasons. We tested associations between satisfaction and the meeting of basic needs and income, with binary logistic regression, accounting for site and gender.Life satisfaction was lower in Kenya, for men, and in the most urbanised site. Respondents explained high, and low, satisfaction in terms of social relationships, basic needs, money and employment. They rarely mentioned the ecosystem services and related livelihoods that underpin those, suggesting an instrumental relation to nature. Meeting basic needs, including economic security better predicted satisfaction than household income. Life satisfaction reflected material differences in people’s lives but also different evaluative criteria and national cultures. For example, family reasons more commonly explained women’s satisfaction, while money was more important for urban-dwelling men. We propose that the holistic perspective offered by life-satisfaction research can inform environmental management alongside more focused ecosystem-service research. For example, our results suggest that a) interventions should recognise immediate needs and social relationships, b) the role of ecosystem services for subjective wellbeing varies by local culture and individual identities and c) secure and fair access to ecosystem services may support life satisfaction better than high incomes that are insecure or inequitably distributed.
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