Displacement ventilation: a viable ventilation strategy for makeshift hospitals and public buildings to contain COVID-19 and other airborne diseases.
Displacement ventilation: a viable ventilation strategy for makeshift hospitals and public buildings to contain COVID-19 and other airborne diseases.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1098/rsos.200680
复制
发表时间：
2020-09
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Linden PF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bhagat RK;Linden PF
迄今为止，SARS-CoV-2病毒已感染全球3100多万人，所有人都感受到了其影响。患有COVID-19等疾病的患者最好在负压隔离室接受治疗。但由于对医院床位的需求压倒一切，病人一直在普通病房、医院走廊和临时医院接受治疗。医院和公共场所的充分建筑通风是控制疾病的关键因素（Escombe et al. 2007 PLoS Med. 4; Escombe et al. 2019 BMC Infect. 19，88（doi：10.1186/s12879-019-3717-9）; Morawska &米尔顿2020临床感染。Dis. ciaa939. (doi：10.1093/cid/ciaa 939）），以安全地退出封锁，并减少随后爆发疫情的机会。最近报告的中国广州一家餐厅空调引发的COVID-19疫情由一名无症状患者引起（Lu et al. 2020 Emerg. Infect. 26）暴露了我们对未来与公共场所通风有关的疾病爆发的脆弱性。我们认为，置换通风（无论是机械通风还是自然通风），进气口处于低水平，提取物处于高水平，是负压隔离室的可行替代方案，而负压隔离室通常在医院病房和临时医院现场不可用。置换通风在居住者水平产生负压，从室外吸入新鲜空气，在天花板附近产生正压，将热的和受污染的空气排出。我们承认，在发达国家和发展中国家，许多现代大型建筑物缺乏自然通风所需的开口。这种开口的缺乏可以通过安装排风扇来补充。我们还讨论和处理了“锁定效应”的问题。我们为这种机械辅助、自然通风的临时医院提供指导。
The SARS-CoV-2 virus has so far infected more than 31 million people around the world, and its impact is being felt by all. Patients with diseases such as COVID-19 should ideally be treated in negative pressure isolation rooms. However, due to the overwhelming demand for hospital beds, patients have been treated in general wards, hospital corridors and makeshift hospitals. Adequate building ventilation in hospitals and public spaces is a crucial factor to contain the disease (Escombe et al. 2007 PLoS Med. 4; Escombe et al. 2019 BMC Infect. Dis. 19, 88 (doi:10.1186/s12879-019-3717-9); Morawska & Milton 2020 Clin. Infect. Dis. ciaa939. (doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa939)), to exit lockdown safely, and reduce the chance of subsequent waves of outbreaks. A recently reported air-conditioner-induced COVID-19 outbreak caused by an asymptomatic patient, in a restaurant in Guangzhou, China (Lu et al. 2020 Emerg. Infect. Dis. 26) exposes our vulnerability to future outbreaks linked to ventilation in public spaces. We argue that displacement ventilation (either mechanical or natural ventilation), where air intakes are at low level and extracts are at high level, is a viable alternative to negative pressure isolation rooms, which are often not available on site in hospital wards and makeshift hospitals. Displacement ventilation produces negative pressure at the occupant level, which draws fresh air from outdoors, and positive pressure near the ceiling, which expels the hot and contaminated air out. We acknowledge that, in both developed and developing countries, many modern large structures lack the openings required for natural ventilation. This lack of openings can be supplemented by installing extract fans. We have also discussed and addressed the issue of the ‘lock-up effect’. We provide guidelines for such mechanically assisted, naturally ventilated makeshift hospitals.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Gupta, Jitendra K.;Lin, Chao-Hsin;Chen, Qingyan
通讯作者：
Chen, Qingyan
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Liu, Q. A.;Linden, P. F.
通讯作者：
Linden, P. F.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0408159101
发表时间：
2004-12-14
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Edwards, DA;Man, JC;Scheuch, G
通讯作者：
Scheuch, G
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Mittal, Rajat;Ni, Rui;Seo, Jung-Hee
通讯作者：
Seo, Jung-Hee
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Cooper, P;Linden, PF
通讯作者：
Linden, PF