O-GlcNAc cycling: implications for neurodegenerative disorders.

O-GlcNAc cycling: implications for neurodegenerative disorders.
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O-GLCNAC自行车:对神经退行性疾病的影响。

DOI:
10.1016/j.biocel.2009.03.008
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发表时间:
2009-11
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Hanover, John A.
Hanover, John A.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lazarus, Brooke D.;Love, Dona C.;Hanover, John A.

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The dynamic post-translational modification of proteins by O-linked N-Acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), termed O-GlcNAcylation, is an important mechanism for modulating cellular signaling pathways. O-GlcNAcylation impacts transcription, translation, organelle trafficking, proteasomal degradation and apoptosis. O-GlcNAcylation has been implicated in the etiology of several human diseases including type-2 diabetes and neurodegeneration. This review describes the pair of enzymes responsible for the cycling of this post-translational modification: O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (OGA), with a focus on the function of their structural domains. We will also highlight the important processes and substrates regulated by these enzymes, with an emphasis on the role of O-GlcNAc as a nutrient sensor impacting insulin signaling and the cellular stress response. Finally, we will focus attention on the many ways by which O-GlcNAc cycling may affect the cellular machinery in the neuroendocrine and central nervous systems.
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