Land use changes in Southeastern Amazon and trends in rainfall and water yield of the Xingu River during 1976–2015

Land use changes in Southeastern Amazon and trends in rainfall and water yield of the Xingu River during 1976–2015
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1976年至2015年亚马逊东南部土地利用变化及辛古河降雨量和产水量趋势

DOI:
10.1007/s10584-020-02736-z
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Coe, Michael T.
Coe, Michael T.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rizzo, Rodnei;Garcia, Andrea S.;Vilela, Vívian M.;Ballester, Maria Victoria;Neill, Christopher;Victoria, Daniel C.;da Rocha, Humberto R.;Coe, Michael T.

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自20世纪70年代初以来,亚马逊东南部的农业前沿地区经历了广泛的土地利用变化。这些变化,再加上区域气候变化,有可能从小范围到大范围影响水文循环。我们评估了从1976年到2015年的40年降雨量和产水量时间序列,并将它们与新谷河上游流域(UX)的土地利用变化联系起来。我们获得了6个雨量站和4个河流测量仪的数据,并绘制了土地利用变化图。用Mann-Kendall趋势分析和Pettit的变点检测来描述时间序列的年变化和季节变化。利用新固河月产水推算出年、季、月产水量以及径流系数。土地利用的最大变化发生在过去20年中,1985年至2015年期间,新谷盆地上游约60,900平方公里的土地被砍伐。在此期间,新谷盆地的降雨量减少了约2450毫米,但产水量没有变化趋势。雨天天数和活动强度也有所减少,但雨季的长度以及季节性和年度产水量没有变化。尽管分水岭砍伐森林增加了其他亚马逊河的产水量,但新谷上游流域降雨量的减少足以掩盖这种影响。
Since the early 1970s, the agricultural frontier of southeastern Amazon has undergone extensive land use changes. These alterations, combined with regional climate changes, have the potential to influence the hydrologic cycle at small to large scales. We evaluated a 40-year time series (1976 to 2015) of rainfall and water yield and related them to land use changes in the Upper Xingu River Basin (UX). We acquired data from six rainfall stations and four river gauges and mapped land use changes. Mann-Kendall trend analysis and Pettitt’s change point detection were employed to describe annual and seasonal changes in the time series. Monthly water yield from the Xingu River was used to derive annual, seasonal, and monthly water yield, as well as the runoff coefficient. The largest changes in land use occurred during the last two decades and approximately 60,900 km2in the Upper Xingu Basin were deforested between 1985 and 2015. Rainfall in the Xingu Basin decreased by about 245 mm over the period but there was no trend in water yield. The number of rainy days and intensity of events also decreased, but the length of the rainy season and seasonal and annual water yield did not change. Although watershed deforestation has increased water yield in other Amazon rivers, the reduction in rainfall in the Upper Xingu Basin was high enough to mask this effect.
亚马逊大豆农田扩张和集约化的分水岭反应
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期刊: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
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