Land use strategies to mitigate climate change in carbon dense temperate forests.
Land use strategies to mitigate climate change in carbon dense temperate forests.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1720064115
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发表时间：
2018-04-03
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Harmon ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Law BE;Hudiburg TW;Berner LT;Kent JJ;Buotte PC;Harmon ME
对减缓气候变化的森林战略的可行性和有效性的区域量化应将观测和机械生态系统过程模型与未来气候、CO2、火灾干扰和管理相结合。在这里，我们在一个高生物量地区展示了这种方法，并发现到2100年，重新造林，植树造林，延长私人土地上的收获周期，限制公共土地上的收获使净生态系统碳平衡增加了56%，其中后两项行动贡献最大。通过我们的生命周期评估模型跟踪的林业部门排放量减少了17%，部分达到了减排目标。收获剩余物生物能源的使用并没有减少短期排放。副效益包括增加水的供应和森林物种的生物多样性。我们改进的分析框架可以用于其他温带地区。已经提出了通过林业活动减少二氧化碳排放量的战略，但基于生态系统过程的气候变化、二氧化碳增加、火灾干扰和区域规模管理行动的整合极为有限。在这里，我们研究的相对优点，造林，再造林，管理的变化，收获残留物生物能源的使用在太平洋西北部。该地区是世界上碳密度最高的森林之一，可以在树木中储存800年或更长时间的碳。俄勒冈州的净生态系统碳平衡（NECB）相当于2011-2015年总排放量的72%。到2100年，模拟显示净碳吸收增加，野火变化不大。到2100年，重新造林、植树造林、延长私人土地的收获周期和限制公共土地的收获将使NECB增加56%，其中后两项行动贡献最大。由此产生的共同效益包括水的供应和生物多样性，主要来自森林面积、年龄和物种多样性的增加。将127，000公顷的灌溉草作物转化为原生森林可以减少2，330亿m3·y-1的灌溉需求。利用收获的残留物生产生物能源，而不是将其留在森林中分解，在短期内（50年）增加排放，降低缓解效果。与储存在木制品中相比，增加公共土地上的森林碳减少了排放量，因为停留时间是木制品的两倍多。因此，碳密度高、死亡率低的温带森林在减少森林部门排放方面具有巨大潜力。我们的分析框架为其他温带地区的评估提供了模板。
Regional quantification of feasibility and effectiveness of forest strategies to mitigate climate change should integrate observations and mechanistic ecosystem process models with future climate, CO2, disturbances from fire, and management. Here, we demonstrate this approach in a high biomass region, and found that reforestation, afforestation, lengthened harvest cycles on private lands, and restricting harvest on public lands increased net ecosystem carbon balance by 56% by 2100, with the latter two actions contributing the most. Forest sector emissions tracked with our life cycle assessment model decreased by 17%, partially meeting emissions reduction goals. Harvest residue bioenergy use did not reduce short-term emissions. Cobenefits include increased water availability and biodiversity of forest species. Our improved analysis framework can be used in other temperate regions. Strategies to mitigate carbon dioxide emissions through forestry activities have been proposed, but ecosystem process-based integration of climate change, enhanced CO2, disturbance from fire, and management actions at regional scales are extremely limited. Here, we examine the relative merits of afforestation, reforestation, management changes, and harvest residue bioenergy use in the Pacific Northwest. This region represents some of the highest carbon density forests in the world, which can store carbon in trees for 800 y or more. Oregon’s net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB) was equivalent to 72% of total emissions in 2011–2015. By 2100, simulations show increased net carbon uptake with little change in wildfires. Reforestation, afforestation, lengthened harvest cycles on private lands, and restricting harvest on public lands increase NECB 56% by 2100, with the latter two actions contributing the most. Resultant cobenefits included water availability and biodiversity, primarily from increased forest area, age, and species diversity. Converting 127,000 ha of irrigated grass crops to native forests could decrease irrigation demand by 233 billion m3⋅y−1. Utilizing harvest residues for bioenergy production instead of leaving them in forests to decompose increased emissions in the short-term (50 y), reducing mitigation effectiveness. Increasing forest carbon on public lands reduced emissions compared with storage in wood products because the residence time is more than twice that of wood products. Hence, temperate forests with high carbon densities and lower vulnerability to mortality have substantial potential for reducing forest sector emissions. Our analysis framework provides a template for assessments in other temperate regions.
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DOI：
10.1139/x01-216
发表时间：
2002-05-01
期刊：
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE
影响因子：
--
作者：
Harmon, ME;Marks, B
通讯作者：
Marks, B
影响因子：
30.7
作者：
Heck, Vera;Gerten, Dieter;Popp, Alexander
通讯作者：
Popp, Alexander
影响因子：
11.6
作者：
Law, Beverly E.
通讯作者：
Law, Beverly E.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0901970106
发表时间：
2009-07-14
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Keith, Heather;Mackey, Brendan G.;Lindenmayer, David B.
通讯作者：
Lindenmayer, David B.
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Hudiburg, Tara W.;Luyssaert, Sebastiaan;Law, Beverly E.
通讯作者：
Law, Beverly E.