Self-assembly of biomorphic carbon/sulfur microstructures in sulfidic environments.

Self-assembly of biomorphic carbon/sulfur microstructures in sulfidic environments.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncomms12812
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发表时间:
2016-09-15
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Templeton, Alexis S.
Templeton, Alexis S.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cosmidis, Julie;Templeton, Alexis S.

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在自然环境和实验室环境中,硫化物和氧化剂持续逆流,元素硫(S 0)-硫循环中的关键中间体-通常会积累。S 0经常被用作硫化氢和多硫化物酶促氧化产生的生物矿化产物。在这里,我们展示了封装在纳米到微米尺度的管状和球形有机结构中的S 0的形成,这些结构在没有任何直接生物活性的情况下在硫化物梯度环境中自组装。这些碳/硫微观结构的形态和组成非常相似的微生物细胞和细胞外结构,新的谨慎必须适用于化石记录中假定的微生物生物签名的解释。硫化物和有机质之间的这些反应对我们理解S 0矿化过程和硫与环境中有机碳的相互作用具有重要意义。它们还为合成用于储能技术的碳-硫纳米复合材料提供了新的途径。 硫矿化的有机物质被认为是自然环境和化石记录中生物活动的产物。在这里,Cosmos和Templeton表明硫化物可以非生物地驱动与元素硫矿化的有机碳微结构的自组装。
In natural and laboratory-based environments experiencing sustained counter fluxes of sulfide and oxidants, elemental sulfur (S0)—a key intermediate in the sulfur cycle—can commonly accumulate. S0 is frequently invoked as a biomineralization product generated by enzymatic oxidation of hydrogen sulfide and polysulfides. Here we show the formation of S0 encapsulated in nanometre to micrometre-scale tubular and spherical organic structures that self-assemble in sulfide gradient environments in the absence of any direct biological activity. The morphology and composition of these carbon/sulfur microstructures so closely resemble microbial cellular and extracellular structures that new caution must be applied to the interpretation of putative microbial biosignatures in the fossil record. These reactions between sulfide and organic matter have important implications for our understanding of S0 mineralization processes and sulfur interactions with organic carbon in the environment. They furthermore provide a new pathway for the synthesis of carbon-sulfur nanocomposites for energy storage technologies. Organic materials mineralized with sulfur are considered to be a product of biological activity in natural environments and the fossil record. Here, Cosmidis and Templeton show that sulfide can abiotically drive the self-assembly of organic carbon microstructures mineralized with elemental sulfur.
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