Estimation of HIV incidence in the United States.
Estimation of HIV incidence in the United States.
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.300.5.520
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发表时间：
2008-08-06
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
Janssen, Robert S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hall, H. Irene;Song, Ruiguang;Rhodes, Philip;Prejean, Joseph;An, Qian;Lee, Lisa M.;Karon, John;Brookmeyer, Ron;Kaplan, Edward H.;McKenna, Matthew T.;Janssen, Robert S.
美国的艾滋病发病率尚未直接测量。区分近期和长期艾滋病毒感染的新检测方法可以改善对艾滋病毒发病率的估计。估计美国的艾滋病发病率。2006年期间，在22个州，用BED HIV-1捕获酶免疫测定法对诊断为HIV感染的患者的残留诊断血清标本进行了检测，以将感染分类为近期感染或长期感染。截至2007年6月，向疾病控制和预防中心报告了信息。在2006年的22个州的艾滋病毒发病率估计使用统计方法调整测试频率和外推到美国的结果得到证实与反计算艾滋病毒发病率为1977-2006年的基础上艾滋病毒诊断从40个州和艾滋病发病率从50个州和哥伦比亚特区。来自22个州的数据外推到美国新诊断的HIV感染者（年龄≥ 13岁）。估计艾滋病毒感染率。2006年，在22个州，估计有39 400人被诊断出感染艾滋病毒。在使用BED检测试剂盒检测的6，864份诊断标本中，2，133份（31%）被归类为近期感染。基于这些数据的外推，2006年美国新发感染的估计数量为56，300例（95%置信区间[CI] 48，200，64，500）;估计发病率为22.8/100，000人群（95% CI 19.5，26.1）。45%的感染者是黑人，53%的感染者是男男性行为者。反算（截至2006年底，报告的艾滋病毒/艾滋病病例数为123万例）得出2003-2006年每年估计有55 400例新感染（95% CI 52 700，58 100），并表明艾滋病毒发病率在20世纪90年代中期增加，然后在1999年后略有下降，此后一直保持稳定。这些估计是美国使用实验室技术对艾滋病毒发病率的首次直接估计，这些技术以前仅在诊所环境中实施。美国新的艾滋病毒感染仍然集中在男男性行为者和非洲裔美国人中。
HIV incidence in the United States has not been directly measured. New assays that differentiate recent versus long-standing HIV infections allow improved estimation of HIV incidence. To estimate HIV incidence in the United States. Remnant diagnostic serum specimens from patients diagnosed with HIV during 2006 in 22 states were tested with the BED HIV-1 capture enzyme immunoassay to classify infections as recent or long-standing. Information was reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through June 2007. HIV incidence in the 22 states during 2006 was estimated using a statistical approach with adjustment for testing frequency and extrapolated to the U.S. Results were corroborated with back-calculation of HIV incidence for 1977–2006 based on HIV diagnoses from 40 states and on AIDS incidence from 50 states and the District of Columbia. Data from 22 states were extrapolated to the U.S. Persons newly diagnosed with HIV (age ≥ 13 years). Estimated HIV incidence. An estimated 39,400 persons were diagnosed with HIV in 2006 in the 22 states. Of 6,864 diagnostic specimens tested using the BED assay, 2,133 (31%) were classified as recent infections. Based on extrapolations from these data, the estimated number of new infections for the U.S. in 2006 was 56,300 (95% confidence interval [CI] 48,200, 64,500); the estimated incidence rate was 22.8 per 100,000 population (95% CI 19.5, 26.1). Forty-five percent of infections were among blacks and 53% among men who have sex with men. The back-calculation (n=1.230 million HIV/AIDS cases reported by the end of 2006) yielded an estimate of 55,400 (95% CI 52,700, 58,100) new infections per year for 2003–2006, and indicated that HIV incidence increased in the mid-1990s, then slightly declined after 1999 and has been stable thereafter. The estimates are the first direct estimate of HIV incidence in the United States using laboratory technologies that were previously only implemented in clinic-based settings. New HIV infections in the United States remain concentrated among men who have sex with men and African Americans.
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影响因子：
11.8
作者：
BIGGAR, RJ;ROSENBERG, PS
通讯作者：
ROSENBERG, PS
影响因子：
5
作者：
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120.7
作者：
Janssen, RS;Satten, GA;Busch, MP
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作者：
Karon, JM;Fleming, PL;De Cock, KM
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De Cock, KM