Engineered materials for organoid systems.

Engineered materials for organoid systems.
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器官系统的工程材料。

DOI:
10.1038/s41578-019-0129-9
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发表时间:
2019-09
期刊:
Nature reviews. Materials
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Heilshorn SC
Heilshorn SC
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kratochvil MJ;Seymour AJ;Li TL;Paşca SP;Kuo CJ;Heilshorn SC

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类器官是模拟器官的一些结构和功能特征的3D细胞培养系统。类器官培养提供了在模型中研究器官水平生物学的机会,这些模型比2D细胞培养系统或非灵长类动物模型更接近于模拟人类生理学。许多类器官培养物依赖于脱细胞的细胞外基质作为支架,其通常化学定义不佳并且仅允许有限的可调性和再现性。相比之下,工程化基质的生物化学和生物物理性质可以被调整和优化以支持类器官培养物的发育和成熟。在这篇综述中,我们强调了指导干细胞决策的关键细胞-基质相互作用如何能够为生物材料的设计提供信息,以用于类器官培养物的可重现生成和控制。我们调查了天然,合成和蛋白质工程水凝胶对不同类器官系统的适用性,并讨论了与类器官形成相关的生物化学和机械材料特性。最后,动态和细胞响应材料系统的研究,为他们未来的使用在类器官的研究。
Organoids are 3D cell culture systems that mimic some of the structural and functional characteristics of an organ. Organoid cultures provide the opportunity to study organ-level biology in models that mimic human physiology more closely than 2D cell culture systems or non-primate animal models. Many organoid cultures rely on decellularized extracellular matrices as scaffolds, which are often poorly chemically defined and allow only limited tunability and reproducibility. By contrast, the biochemical and biophysical properties of engineered matrices can be tuned and optimized to support the development and maturation of organoid cultures. In this Review, we highlight how key cell-matrix interactions guiding stem-cell decisions can inform the design of biomaterials for the reproducible generation and control of organoid cultures. We survey natural, synthetic and protein-engineered hydrogels for their applicability to different organoid systems and discuss biochemical and mechanical material properties relevant for organoid formation. Finally, dynamic and cell-responsive material systems are investigated for their future use in organoid research.
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