Enabling Clinical Technologies for Hyperpolarized 129 Xenon Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy
Enabling Clinical Technologies for Hyperpolarized
129
Xenon Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy
复制标题
支持超极化 129 氙磁共振成像和光谱学的临床技术
DOI:
10.1002/ange.202015200
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
E. Chekmenev
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Alixander S. Khan;Rebecca L. Harvey;Jonathan R. Birchall;Robert K. Irwin;P. Nikolaou;G. Schrank;K. Emami;A. Dummer;Michael J. Barlow;B. Goodson;E. Chekmenev
Hyperpolarization is a technique that can increase nuclear spin polarization with the corresponding gains in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals by 4–8 orders of magnitude. When this process is applied to biologically relevant samples, the hyperpolarized molecules can be used as exogenous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. A technique called spin‐exchange optical pumping (SEOP) can be applied to hyperpolarize noble gases such as129Xe. Techniques based on hyperpolarized129Xe are poised to revolutionize clinical lung imaging, offering a non‐ionizing, high‐contrast alternative to computed tomography (CT) imaging and conventional proton MRI. Moreover, CT and conventional proton MRI report on lung tissue structure but provide little functional information. On the other hand, when a subject breathes hyperpolarized129Xe gas, functional lung images reporting on lung ventilation, perfusion and diffusion with 3D readout can be obtained in seconds. In this Review, the physics of SEOP is discussed and the different production modalities are explained in the context of their clinical application. We also briefly compare SEOP to other hyperpolarization methods and conclude this paper with the outlook for biomedical applications of hyperpolarized129Xe to lung imaging and beyond.
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