Enabling Clinical Technologies for Hyperpolarized 129 Xenon Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy

Enabling Clinical Technologies for Hyperpolarized 129 Xenon Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy
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支持超极化 129 氙磁共振成像和光谱学的临床技术

DOI:
10.1002/ange.202015200
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
E. Chekmenev
E. Chekmenev
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Alixander S. Khan;Rebecca L. Harvey;Jonathan R. Birchall;Robert K. Irwin;P. Nikolaou;G. Schrank;K. Emami;A. Dummer;Michael J. Barlow;B. Goodson;E. Chekmenev

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超极化是一种可以将核自旋极化增加4-8个数量级的核磁共振(NMR)信号的相应增益的技术。当该过程应用于生物相关样品时,超极化分子可用作外源性磁共振成像(MRI)造影剂。一种称为自旋交换光抽运(SEOP)的技术可以应用于129氪等超高能惰性气体。基于超极化129的技术有望彻底改变临床肺部成像,为计算机断层扫描(CT)成像和传统质子MRI提供非电离、高对比度的替代方案。此外,CT和常规质子MRI报告肺组织结构,但提供的功能信息很少。另一方面,当受试者呼吸超极化129氪气体时,可以在几秒钟内获得报告肺通气、灌注和扩散的功能性肺图像以及3D读数。在这篇综述中,讨论了SEOP的物理学,并在其临床应用的背景下解释了不同的生产方式。我们还简要比较了SEOP与其他超极化方法,并总结了本文对超极化129 Ω在肺部成像及其他方面的生物医学应用的展望。
Hyperpolarization is a technique that can increase nuclear spin polarization with the corresponding gains in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals by 4–8 orders of magnitude. When this process is applied to biologically relevant samples, the hyperpolarized molecules can be used as exogenous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. A technique called spin‐exchange optical pumping (SEOP) can be applied to hyperpolarize noble gases such as129Xe. Techniques based on hyperpolarized129Xe are poised to revolutionize clinical lung imaging, offering a non‐ionizing, high‐contrast alternative to computed tomography (CT) imaging and conventional proton MRI. Moreover, CT and conventional proton MRI report on lung tissue structure but provide little functional information. On the other hand, when a subject breathes hyperpolarized129Xe gas, functional lung images reporting on lung ventilation, perfusion and diffusion with 3D readout can be obtained in seconds. In this Review, the physics of SEOP is discussed and the different production modalities are explained in the context of their clinical application. We also briefly compare SEOP to other hyperpolarization methods and conclude this paper with the outlook for biomedical applications of hyperpolarized129Xe to lung imaging and beyond.
超极化(129)XE用于研究小儿患者的轻度囊性纤维化肺疾病。
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