Genome Duplication Increases Meiotic Recombination Frequency: A Saccharomyces cerevisiae Model.
Genome Duplication Increases Meiotic Recombination Frequency: A Saccharomyces cerevisiae Model.
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基因组复制增加减数分裂重组频率：酿酒酵母模型
DOI：
10.1093/molbev/msaa219
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发表时间：
2021-03-09
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Luo Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fang O;Wang L;Zhang Y;Yang J;Tao Q;Zhang F;Luo Z
以同源染色体上的基因相互交换为特征的遗传重组是几乎所有有性生殖生物减数分裂中最显著的事件。它通过确保减数分裂中成对同源物的平衡分离而有助于基因组的稳定性，并且它也是产生用于自然选择和人工选择的遗传变异的主要驱动因素。减数分裂重组受到高度严格和复杂的调控过程的控制，减数分裂重组频率（MRF）可能受到生物和非生物因素的影响，如性别、基因密度、核苷酸含量和化学/温度处理，激发了大量人工操纵MRF的研究。基因组多倍化是否会导致MRF的显著变化吸引了历史和最近的研究兴趣;然而，由于缺乏合适的四体遗传分析方法，解决这个基本问题在方法上具有挑战性，因此导致文献中有争议的结论。本文提出了一个全面和严格的调查基因组复制介导的变化MRF使用酿酒酵母作为真核模型。这表明，基因组复制可以导致MRF和跨越酿酒酵母的所有16条染色体的交换率的持续显著增加，包括MRF的冷点和热点。这种倍性驱动的MRF变化与重组干扰减弱、双链断裂密度增强和染色质组蛋白占据松动有关。这项研究阐明了基因组复制的一个重要进化特征，并为通过多倍化加速对人工和自然选择的反应提供了机会。
Genetic recombination characterized by reciprocal exchange of genes on paired homologous chromosomes is the most prominent event in meiosis of almost all sexually reproductive organisms. It contributes to genome stability by ensuring the balanced segregation of paired homologs in meiosis, and it is also the major driving factor in generating genetic variation for natural and artificial selection. Meiotic recombination is subjected to the control of a highly stringent and complex regulating process and meiotic recombination frequency (MRF) may be affected by biological and abiotic factors such as sex, gene density, nucleotide content, and chemical/temperature treatments, having motivated tremendous researches for artificially manipulating MRF. Whether genome polyploidization would lead to a significant change in MRF has attracted both historical and recent research interests; however, tackling this fundamental question is methodologically challenging due to the lack of appropriate methods for tetrasomic genetic analysis, thus has led to controversial conclusions in the literature. This article presents a comprehensive and rigorous survey of genome duplication-mediated change in MRF using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a eukaryotic model. It demonstrates that genome duplication can lead to consistently significant increase in MRF and rate of crossovers across all 16 chromosomes of S. cerevisiae, including both cold and hot spots of MRF. This ploidy-driven change in MRF is associated with weakened recombination interference, enhanced double-strand break density, and loosened chromatin histone occupation. The study illuminates a significant evolutionary feature of genome duplication and opens an opportunity to accelerate response to artificial and natural selection through polyploidization.
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