Host-Polarized Cell Growth in Animal Symbionts.

Host-Polarized Cell Growth in Animal Symbionts.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cub.2018.02.028
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发表时间:
2018-04-02
期刊:
Current biology : CB
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Bulgheresi S
Bulgheresi S
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pende N;Wang J;Weber PM;Verheul J;Kuru E;Rittmann SKR;Leisch N;VanNieuwenhze MS;Brun YV;den Blaauwen T;Bulgheresi S

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为了确定细胞生长的基本原理,我们必须将细胞生物学研究扩展到非模式生物。在这里,我们研究了仅有的两种已知的加宽而不是伸长的杆状物的生长模式,它们是Oneisti假丝酵母和Thiosymbion Hypermnestrae。这些细菌用一根杆子附着在它们各自的线虫宿主的表面。通过孵化活体钙。Oneisti和T.Hypermnestrae),我们观察到新细胞壁的插入始于极点并向内进行,伴随着基于FtsZ的膜收缩。值得注意的是,在加州。金黄色葡萄球菌,近端的动物附着极生长在远端的游离极之前,这表明肽多糖合成机器是面向宿主的。用抗肌动蛋白同源物MreB的抗体对共生体进行免疫染色显示,在共生体的整个生命周期中,它以中间方式排列--即平行于细胞长轴。鉴于MreB的解聚破坏了新合成的肽聚糖插入和受损的分裂体组装,我们得出结论,MreB功能是共生体扩大和分裂所必需的。总之,我们的数据引发了对细菌肌动蛋白同源物的定位和功能的重新评估。Pende等人。表明在两种海洋线虫附着细菌中,细胞生长是以宿主为导向的。与在模型棒中观察到的相反,共生体的肌动蛋白同源MreB在整个细胞周期中平行于细胞长轴排列。这种中间的Mreb环对于共生体的生长和分裂是必不可少的。
To determine the fundamentals of cell growth, we must extend cell biological studies to non-model organisms. Here, we investigated the growth modes of the only two rods known to widen instead of elongating, Candidatus Thiosymbion oneisti and Thiosymbion hypermnestrae. These bacteria are attached by one pole to the surface of their respective nematode hosts. By incubating live Ca. T. oneisti and T. hypermnestrae with a peptidoglycan metabolic probe, we observed that the insertion of new cell wall starts at the poles and proceeds inward, concomitantly with FtsZ-based membrane constriction. Remarkably, in Ca. T. hypermnestrae, the proximal, animal-attached pole grows before the distal, free pole, indicating that the peptidoglycan synthesis machinery is host oriented. Immunostaining of the symbionts with an antibody against the actin homolog MreB revealed that it was arranged medially—that is, parallel to the cell long axis—throughout the symbiont life cycle. Given that depolymerization of MreB abolished newly synthesized peptidoglycan insertion and impaired divisome assembly, we conclude that MreB function is required for symbiont widening and division. In conclusion, our data invoke a reassessment of the localization and function of the bacterial actin homolog. Pende et al. show that cell growth is host oriented in two marine nematode-attached bacteria. In contrast to what is observed in model rods, the actin homolog MreB of the symbionts is arranged parallel to the cell long axis throughout the cell cycle. This medial MreB ring is essential for symbiont growth and division.
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201206749
发表时间: 2012-12-07
期刊: Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
影响因子: --
作者:
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影响因子: 11.1
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