A comparative analysis of island floras challenges taxonomy-based biogeographical models of speciation.

A comparative analysis of island floras challenges taxonomy-based biogeographical models of speciation.
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DOI:
10.1111/evo.12587
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发表时间:
2015-03
期刊:
Evolution; international journal of organic evolution
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Savolainen V
Savolainen V
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Igea J;Bogarín D;Papadopulos AS;Savolainen V

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岛屿上的物种形成,特别是原地物种的分歧,长期以来一直存在争议。在这里,我们提出了第一个,完整的评估的地理模式的物种形成的一个小海洋岛屿的植物群。科科斯岛(哥斯达黎加)是原始的;它位于中美洲太平洋海岸550公里处。它拥有189种本地植物,其中33种是特有的。利用岛屿和大陆的同源物种的系统发育数据,我们表明,所有的特有种是来自独立的殖民活动,而不是在原位物种形成。这与在一个类似的系统中进行的研究结果形成鲜明对比,豪勋爵岛(澳大利亚),其中多达8.2%的植物物种是同域物种形成的产物。岛屿之间的自然地理和年龄的差异可能是造成观察到的物种形成对比模式的原因。重要的是,将物种形成模式的系统发育评估与基于分类学的方法进行比较,表明广泛使用的岛屿地理学方法高估了原位物种形成的速率。
Speciation on islands, and particularly the divergence of species in situ, has long been debated. Here, we present one of the first, complete assessments of the geographic modes of speciation for the flora of a small oceanic island. Cocos Island (Costa Rica) is pristine; it is located 550 km off the Pacific coast of Central America. It harbors 189 native plant species, 33 of which are endemic. Using phylogenetic data from insular and mainland congeneric species, we show that all of the endemic species are derived from independent colonization events rather than in situ speciation. This is in sharp contrast to the results of a study carried out in a comparable system, Lord Howe Island (Australia), where as much as 8.2% of the plant species were the product of sympatric speciation. Differences in physiography and age between the islands may be responsible for the contrasting patterns of speciation observed. Importantly, comparing phylogenetic assessments of the modes of speciation with taxonomy‐based measures shows that widely used island biogeography approaches overestimate rates of in situ speciation.
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