Measles in the 21st Century: Progress Toward Achieving and Sustaining Elimination.
Measles in the 21st Century: Progress Toward Achieving and Sustaining Elimination.
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DOI：
10.1093/infdis/jiaa793
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发表时间：
2021-09-30
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Patel M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gastañaduy PA;Goodson JL;Panagiotakopoulos L;Rota PA;Orenstein WA;Patel M
全球麻疹疫苗接种计划在减少全球麻疹相关疾病和死亡方面取得了非常成功。根除麻疹是可行的，因为有几个关键因素，包括人类是该病毒的唯一宿主，广泛获得可以快速检测麻疹感染者的诊断工具，以及高度安全和有效的麻疹疫苗（MCV）的可用性。世界卫生组织（世卫组织）所有6个区域都制定了消除麻疹的目标。在全球范围内，2000年至2018年期间，麻疹发病率下降了66%（从每百万人口145例降至49例），死亡人数下降了73%（从53.56万降至14.23万），大大减轻了全球疾病负担。MCV常规免疫接种是控制和预防麻疹的基石。两剂MCV预防麻疹的有效性为97%，使MCV成为有史以来最有效的疫苗之一。轻度不良事件发生在<20%的接受者中，严重不良事件极为罕见。麻疹疫苗接种的经济效益突出表现在总体投资回报率是疫苗、供应链和疫苗接种成本的58倍。由于麻疹是最具传染性的人类疾病之一，维持高（≥95%）的2剂MCV覆盖率对于控制麻疹传播和成功实现麻疹消除至关重要;然而，全球MCV覆盖率近十年的平稳状态以及2018-2019年全球麻疹的复苏表明仍有许多工作要做。全球承诺增加社区获得免疫接种的机会和需求，加强建设公共卫生基础设施的国家和区域伙伴关系，并实施能够克服获得障碍和提高疫苗信心的创新，对于实现无麻疹世界至关重要。
The global measles vaccination program has been extraordinarily successful in reducing measles-related disease and deaths worldwide. Eradication of measles is feasible because of several key attributes, including humans as the only reservoir for the virus, broad access to diagnostic tools that can rapidly detect measles-infectious persons, and availability of highly safe and effective measles-containing vaccines (MCVs). All 6 World Health Organization (WHO) regions have established measles elimination goals. Globally, during 2000–2018, measles incidence decreased by 66% (from 145 to 49 cases per million population) and deaths decreased by 73% (from 535 600 to 142 300), drastically reducing global disease burden. Routine immunization with MCV has been the cornerstone for the control and prevention of measles. Two doses of MCV are 97% effective in preventing measles, qualifying MCV as one of the most effective vaccines ever developed. Mild adverse events occur in <20% of recipients and serious adverse events are extremely rare. The economic benefits of measles vaccination are highlighted by an overall return on investment of 58 times the cost of the vaccine, supply chains, and vaccination. Because measles is one of the most contagious human diseases, maintenance of high (≥95%) 2-dose MCV coverage is crucial for controlling the spread of measles and successfully reaching measles elimination; however, the plateauing of global MCV coverage for nearly a decade and the global measles resurgence during 2018–2019 demonstrate that much work remains. Global commitments to increase community access to and demand for immunizations, strengthen national and regional partnerships for building public health infrastructure, and implement innovations that can overcome access barriers and enhance vaccine confidence, are essential to achieve a world free of measles.
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影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Lee, Adria D.;Clemmons, Nakia S.;Gastanaduy, Paul A.
通讯作者：
Gastanaduy, Paul A.
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Shonhai, A.;Warrener, L.;Samuel, D.
通讯作者：
Samuel, D.
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Brinkman, Iris D.;de Wit, Jelle;van Binnendijk, Robert S.
通讯作者：
van Binnendijk, Robert S.
影响因子：
9.7
作者：
Ozawa, Sachiko;Clark, Samantha;Walker, Damian G.
通讯作者：
Walker, Damian G.
DOI：
10.15585/mmwr.mm6945a6
发表时间：
2020-11-13
期刊：
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
影响因子：
--
作者：
Patel MK;Goodson JL;Alexander JP Jr;Kretsinger K;Sodha SV;Steulet C;Gacic-Dobo M;Rota PA;McFarland J;Menning L;Mulders MN;Crowcroft NS
通讯作者：
Crowcroft NS