Biochar in co-contaminated soil manipulates arsenic solubility and microbiological community structure, and promotes organochlorine degradation.
Biochar in co-contaminated soil manipulates arsenic solubility and microbiological community structure, and promotes organochlorine degradation.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0125393
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
McManus MT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gregory SJ;Anderson CW;Camps-Arbestain M;Biggs PJ;Ganley AR;O'Sullivan JM;McManus MT
我们研究了生物炭对水溶性砷（As）的浓度和有机氯降解的程度在共污染的历史羊浸土壤在180天的温室培养实验。对土壤微生物活性、细菌群落结构多样性进行了研究。将由杨柳原料（柳属物种）制成的生物炭在350或550°C下热解，并以10 g kg-1和20 g kg-1（代表30 t ha-1和60 t ha-1）的比率添加到土壤中。经过生物炭处理后，六氯环己烷（HCH）的异构体-甲型六氯环己烷和γ-六氯环己烷（林丹）的浓度分别减少了10倍和4倍。生物炭还导致土壤DDT水平显着降低（P < 0.01），并增加DDE：DDT比率。处理60 d后，与对照相比，各生物炭处理土壤微生物活性均显著提高（P < 0.01）。16 S扩增子测序结果表明，生物炭处理土壤中含有较多的金黄杆菌属、黄杆菌属、双枝杆菌属和假单胞菌科等已知的碳氢化合物生物降解菌。我们假设，记录的短期减少可溶性砷浓度由于生物炭修正案允许原生土壤微生物群落克服作为相关的压力。我们建议，增加微生物活性（脱氢酶活性），由于生物炭的修正是负责增强降解有机氯在土壤中。因此，生物炭部分地克服了作为共污染物的影响，允许增强自然衰减的有机氯在土壤中。
We examined the effect of biochar on the water-soluble arsenic (As) concentration and the extent of organochlorine degradation in a co-contaminated historic sheep-dip soil during a 180-d glasshouse incubation experiment. Soil microbial activity, bacterial community and structure diversity were also investigated. Biochar made from willow feedstock (Salix sp) was pyrolysed at 350 or 550°C and added to soil at rates of 10 g kg-1 and 20 g kg-1 (representing 30 t ha-1 and 60 t ha-1). The isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) alpha-HCH and gamma-HCH (lindane), underwent 10-fold and 4-fold reductions in concentration as a function of biochar treatment. Biochar also resulted in a significant reduction in soil DDT levels (P < 0.01), and increased the DDE:DDT ratio. Soil microbial activity was significantly increased (P < 0.01) under all biochar treatments after 60 days of treatment compared to the control. 16S amplicon sequencing revealed that biochar-amended soil contained more members of the Chryseobacterium, Flavobacterium, Dyadobacter and Pseudomonadaceae which are known bioremediators of hydrocarbons. We hypothesise that a recorded short-term reduction in the soluble As concentration due to biochar amendment allowed native soil microbial communities to overcome As-related stress. We propose that increased microbiological activity (dehydrogenase activity) due to biochar amendment was responsible for enhanced degradation of organochlorines in the soil. Biochar therefore partially overcame the co-contaminant effect of As, allowing for enhanced natural attenuation of organochlorines in soil.
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影响因子：
9.7
作者：
CHANDER, K;BROOKES, PC
通讯作者：
BROOKES, PC
影响因子：
8.9
作者：
Beesley, Luke;Marmiroli, Marta
通讯作者：
Marmiroli, Marta
影响因子：
9.7
作者：
Camina, F;Trasar-Cepeda, C;Leiros, C
通讯作者：
Leiros, C
影响因子：
3
作者：
Cox MP;Peterson DA;Biggs PJ
通讯作者：
Biggs PJ
影响因子：
8.9
作者：
Beesley, Luke;Moreno-Jimenez, Eduardo;Gomez-Eyles, Jose L.
通讯作者：
Gomez-Eyles, Jose L.