Range expansions of sexual versus asexual organisms: Effects of reproductive assurance and migration load
Range expansions of sexual versus asexual organisms: Effects of reproductive assurance and migration load
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有性生物与无性生物的范围扩展：生殖保证和迁徙负荷的影响
DOI：
10.1111/jeb.14161
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Takimoto Gaku
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Satow Takeaki;Takimoto Gaku
一般认为，有性生物比无性生物表现出更快的进化适应性，因为有性生物可以通过重组积累适应性突变。然而，经验证据往往表明，有性物种的地理范围比无性物种的地理范围更窄，这似乎表明无性物种可以适应更多样化的环境。现有理论认为，对这一明显矛盾的两种可能解释是生殖保证和迁移负荷。在这里，我们认为在一个单一的模型内的生殖保证和迁移负载比较研究其范围扩展的性和无性恋的环境梯度的影响。模型表明，较高的迁移倾向降低了性人口在生育保障方面的劣势，但增加了其在迁移负荷方面的劣势。此外，较低的突变率限制适应更强烈的无性比有性。因此，高扩散倾向和高突变率促使无性生殖者比有性生殖者具有更宽的范围大小。有趣的是，我们的模型显示，在低扩散倾向和低突变率下，有性生殖者可以比无性生殖者具有更广泛的地理范围大小，这种模式与一些特殊的经验案例相一致。结合生殖保证和迁移负荷提供了一个有用的视角，以更好地了解物种的交配系统和它们的地理范围之间的关系。我们的模型表明，更高的扩散倾向减少了性的配偶限制的劣势，而增加了他们的不利迁移负载时，选择作用于生育能力特别是。此外，较低的突变率限制适应更强烈的无性比有性。因此，高扩散倾向和高突变率促使无性生殖者比有性生殖者具有更宽的范围大小。有趣的是，我们的模型显示，在低扩散倾向和低突变率下，有性生殖者可以比无性生殖者具有更广泛的地理范围大小，这种模式与一些特殊的经验案例相一致。
It is generally considered that sexual organisms show faster evolutionary adaptation than asexual organisms because sexuals can accumulate adaptive mutations through recombination. Yet, empirical evidence often shows that the geographic range size of sexual species is narrower than that of closely related asexual species, which may seem as if asexuals can adapt to more varied environments. Two potential explanations for this apparent contradiction considered by the existing theory are reproduction assurance and migration load. Here, we consider both reproductive assurance and migration load within a single model to comparatively examine their effects on range expansions of sexuals and asexuals across an environmental gradient. The model shows that higher dispersal propensity decreases sexuals' disadvantage in reproductive assurance while increasing their disadvantage in migration load. Moreover, lower mutation rate constrains adaptation more strongly in asexuals than in sexuals. Thus, high dispersal propensity and high mutation rates promote that asexuals have wider range sizes than sexuals. Intriguingly, our model reveals that sexuals can have wider geographic range sizes than asexuals under low dispersal propensity and low mutation rates, a pattern consistent with a few exceptional empirical cases. Combining reproductive assurance and migration load provides a useful perspective to better understand the relationships between species' mating systems and their geographic ranges.AbstractAn empirical pattern has been recognized that the geographic range size of sexuals is generally smaller than that of closely related asexuals. Our model shows that higher dispersal propensity decreases sexuals' disadvantage of mate limitation while increasing their disadvantage in migration load when selection acts on fertility in particular. Moreover, lower mutation rate constrains adaptation more strongly in asexuals than in sexuals. Thus, high dispersal propensity and high mutation rates promote that asexuals have wider range sizes than sexuals. Intriguingly, our model reveals that sexuals can have wider geographic range sizes than asexuals under low dispersal propensity and low mutation rates, a pattern consistent with a few exceptional empirical cases.
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