Homeostatic plasticity at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction.
Homeostatic plasticity at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.06.015
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发表时间：
2014-03
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Frank CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Frank CA
在生物学中，稳态是指细胞如何保持适当的活动水平。这个概念是神经系统平衡行为的基础。突触需要灵活性（即可塑性）来适应环境挑战。然而，还必须存在将活动限制在适当生理范围内的调节机制。大量的证据表明，稳态调节在这方面至关重要。近年来，在确定神经可塑性的稳态形式所需的分子和信号传导过程方面取得了重要进展。果蝇三龄幼虫神经肌肉接头（NMJ）是一个重要的实验系统。果蝇神经科学家结合联合收割机遗传学、药理学、电生理学、影像学和各种分子技术来了解稳态信号机制如何在突触中形成。在NMJ，稳态信号传导机制将逆行（肌肉-神经）信号传导与突触前钙内流的变化、易释放囊泡池的动力学变化以及最终突触前神经递质释放的变化相结合。在这些过程中的作用已经证明了几个分子和信号系统在这里讨论。这篇综述主要集中在电生理学研究或数据。特别是，注意力集中在理解当NMJ功能受到挑战时会发生什么（通常通过谷氨酸受体抑制）以及由此产生的稳态反应。为了简单起见，本文没有涉及的一个重要研究领域是突触生长的稳态控制，这自然也会以多种方式影响突触功能。
In biology, homeostasis refers to how cells maintain appropriate levels of activity. This concept underlies a balancing act in the nervous system. Synapses require flexibility (i.e. plasticity) to adjust to environmental challenges. Yet there must also exist regulatory mechanisms that constrain activity within appropriate physiological ranges. An abundance of evidence suggests that homeostatic regulation is critical in this regard. In recent years, important progress has been made towards identifying molecules and signaling processes required for homeostatic forms of neuroplasticity. The Drosophila melanogaster third instar larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ) has been an important experimental system in this effort. Drosophila neuroscientists combine genetics, pharmacology, electrophysiology, imaging, and a variety of molecular techniques to understand how homeostatic signaling mechanisms take shape at the synapse. At the NMJ, homeostatic signaling mechanisms couple retrograde (muscle-to-nerve) signaling with changes in presynaptic calcium influx, changes in the dynamics of the readily releasable vesicle pool, and ultimately, changes in presynaptic neurotransmitter release. Roles in these processes have been demonstrated for several molecules and signaling systems discussed here. This review focuses primarily on electrophysiological studies or data. In particular, attention is devoted to understanding what happens when NMJ function is challenged (usually through glutamate receptor inhibition) and the resulting homeostatic responses. A significant area of study not covered in this review, for the sake of simplicity, is the homeostatic control of synapse growth, which naturally, could also impinge upon synapse function in myriad ways.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.5465-11.2012
发表时间：
2012-06-20
期刊：
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dickman DK;Tong A;Davis GW
通讯作者：
Davis GW
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Bergquist, Sharon;Dickman, Dion K.;Davis, Graeme W.
通讯作者：
Davis, Graeme W.
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Albin, SD;Davis, GW
通讯作者：
Davis, GW
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Dickman, DK;Horne, JA;Schwarz, TL
通讯作者：
Schwarz, TL
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Barkus, Rosemarie V.;Klyachko, Olga;Saxton, William M.
通讯作者：
Saxton, William M.