Degradation of Proteins From Colostrum and Mature Milk From Chinese Mothers Using an in vitro Infant Digestion Model.
Degradation of Proteins From Colostrum and Mature Milk From Chinese Mothers Using an in vitro Infant Digestion Model.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnut.2020.00162
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Hettinga KA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elwakiel M;Boeren S;Wang W;Schols HA;Hettinga KA
本研究通过分别比较 7 位中国母亲的初乳（第 1 周）和成熟乳（第 4 周），深入了解体外婴儿消化模型中母乳蛋白质的降解情况。在本研究中，我们对现有的 INFOGEST 体外模型进行了调整，以适应婴儿（0 至 3 个月大）的代表性条件。凝胶电泳分离和凝胶内消化后，通过 LC-MS/MS 分析未消化蛋白质的水平。 BCA 蛋白质测定显示，从消化开始到消化结束，未消化的乳蛋白总量有所下降，且母亲之间存在差异，特别是在胃期（25-80%）。肠道阶段后仍可发现未消化的蛋白质，其范围为初始蛋白质含量的 0.5% 至 4.2%。根据 LC-MS/MS 分析，不同母亲之间的乳蛋白消化情况存在差异，尤其是在胃期。肠期后，初乳和成熟乳中的蛋白质消化没有观察到差异。对于所有母亲来说，肠道消化后剩余的最高水平的蛋白质可能与免疫活性蛋白质组有关。牛奶中蛋白酶抑制剂的水平和总蛋白含量与消化过程中的总体蛋白水解无关。结果还显示，胃期后乳清蛋白部分残留，其中33%来自初乳，37%来自成熟乳。肠期后检测到超过 40 种乳清蛋白。对于所有母亲来说，一些高度丰富的乳清蛋白（乳铁蛋白、血清白蛋白、胆盐激活脂肪酶、免疫球蛋白、α1-抗胰凝乳蛋白酶）在肠道期后仍然部分完整存在。酪蛋白在胃期也没有完全消化，其中 35% 来自初乳，13% 来自成熟乳。另一方面，酪蛋白在肠道阶段后几乎完全被消化。酪蛋白完全降解为肽可能与其结构特征有关。总体而言，这项研究表明，通过根据婴儿生理条件调整体外消化模型，各种母乳蛋白质的消化存在差异，并且在胃消化后观察到个体母亲的乳汁消化之间的主要差异。
This study provided insights into the degradation of human milk proteins in an in vitro infant digestion model by comparing colostrum (week 1) and mature milk (week 4) of 7 Chinese mothers individually. In this study, we adapted the exiting INFOGEST in vitro model, to conditions representative to infants (0 to 3 month-old). The level of undigested proteins was analyzed by LC-MS/MS after gel-electrophoretic separation and in-gel digestion. The BCA protein assay showed that the total undigested milk protein content decreased from the start to the end of digestion with variations between mothers, especially in the gastric phase (25–80%). Undigested proteins could also still be found after the intestinal phase, ranging from 0.5 to 4.2% of initial protein content. Based on LC-MS/MS analysis, milk protein digestion varied between the mothers individually, especially during the gastric phase. No differences could be observed between protein digestion from colostrum and mature milk after the intestinal phase. The highest levels of proteins remaining after intestinal digestion can be linked to the group immune-active proteins, for all mothers. The level of protease inhibitors and total protein content in the milk did not correlate with the overall proteolysis during digestion. The results also showed that milk serum proteins partly remained after the gastric phase, with 33% remaining from colostrum and 37% remaining from mature milk. More than 40 milk serum proteins were detected after the intestinal phase. Some of the highly abundant milk serum proteins (lactoferrin, serum albumin, bile salt-activated lipase, immunoglobulins, α1-antichymotrypsin) were still partially present intact after the intestinal phase, for all mothers. Caseins were also not completely digested in the gastric phase, with 35% remaining from colostrum and 13% remaining from mature milk. Caseins, on the other hand, were almost completely digested after the intestinal phase. The complete degradation of caseins into peptides might be related to their structural features. Overall, this study showed that digestion differed for the various human milk proteins by adapting an in vitro digestion model to infant physiological conditions, with the main differences between digestion of the milk from individual mothers being observed after gastric digestion.
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