Susceptibility to tobacco use and associated factors among youth in five central and eastern European countries.
Susceptibility to tobacco use and associated factors among youth in five central and eastern European countries.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-022-12493-6
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发表时间：
2022-01-11
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Kaleta D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Polanska K;Znyk M;Kaleta D
年轻人吸烟仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题。因此，本研究的目的是对中东欧五个国家青少年吸烟易感性相关因素进行跨国比较。当前分析中使用的数据主要针对从未尝试或尝试过吸烟的青少年（11-17岁），数据来自最近的全球青少年烟草调查（捷克共和国（2016年），n = 1997年；斯洛伐克（2016年），n = 1998年；斯洛文尼亚（2017年）， n = 1765；罗马尼亚（2017 年），n = 3718；立陶宛（2018 年），n = 1305）。进行了简单的多重逻辑回归分析和随机效应荟萃分析，以确定与烟草使用易感性相关的因素，即缺乏不吸烟的坚定承诺。在五分之四的国家中，近四分之一的学生容易吸烟。各国一致确定以下因素与烟草使用易感性相关：在公共场所被动吸烟（斯洛伐克的 AOR 从 1.3；p = 0.05 升至 1.6；捷克共和国和罗马尼亚的 p < 0.01）、同伴吸烟状况（斯洛伐克的 AOR 从 1.8 p < 0.01 升至 2.5； p < 0.01 立陶宛），认为吸烟有助于人们在庆祝活动中感觉更舒服（AOR 从 1.3；捷克共和国 p = 0.01 升至 1.9；立陶宛 p < 0.01），注意到人们在大众媒体中使用烟草（AOR 1.5；斯洛文尼亚 p < 0.01 和 1.6；立陶宛 p < 0.01）、缺乏对被动吸烟有害影响的了解（AOR 1.8；斯洛伐克 p < 0.01 和斯洛文尼亚 2.4；p< 0.01）、学校缺乏反吸烟教育（AOR 1.3；捷克共和国、斯洛伐克和斯洛文尼亚 p < 0.05； 1.9；立陶宛p<0.01）和家庭（AOR 1.5；斯洛文尼亚和罗马尼亚p<0.01）。此外，那些相信吸烟使年轻人看起来不那么有吸引力的人（AOR从0.5；罗马尼亚的p<0.01到0.7；立陶宛的p = 0.05）以及吸烟者的朋友较少（AOR 0.7；p ≤ 0.06）的人被证明不太容易开始吸烟。在捷克共和国和斯洛文尼亚，与男性相比，女性对烟草使用的易感性显着更高（AOR 1.4；p<0.01），而在罗马尼亚，观察到相反的模式，尽管不显着（p=0.3）。在所有国家，有更多的钱可用于自费，与吸烟适宜性呈正相关（AOR > 1.5；p < 0.01），但立陶宛除外，立陶宛有更多钱的年轻人往往不太容易吸烟（p > 0.05）。认为吸烟者有更多朋友的年轻人在罗马尼亚更容易吸烟（AOR 1.4；p = 0.04），但在其他国家往往不太容易吸烟。在斯洛伐克和斯洛文尼亚，销售点广告的接触与烟草使用易感性显着相关（AOR 分别为 1.4 和 1.5；p<0.05），但国家之间存在中等异质性。中欧和东欧国家的青少年中有很大一部分容易吸烟。社会因素，以及与教育和政策问题以及与烟草使用态度相关的因素，与烟草使用易感性密切相关，并且在各个国家都是一致的。各国之间烟草使用易感性的细微差异与以下因素有关：性别、可用于自费的资金、在销售点接触广告以及认为吸烟者有更多朋友的观点。在设计和实施青少年反烟草活动时应考虑这些因素。在线版本包含可在 10.1186/s12889-022-12493-6 获取的补充材料。
Tobacco use among young people still remains a major public health problem. Thus, the aim of this study was to perform a cross-country comparison for the factors associated with susceptibility to tobacco use among youth from five central and eastern European countries. The data used in the current analysis, focusing on youth (aged 11–17 years), who have never tried or experimented with cigarette smoking, was available from the recent Global Youth Tobacco Survey (Czech Republic (2016), n = 1997; Slovakia (2016), n = 1998; Slovenia (2017), n = 1765; Romania (2017), n = 3718; Lithuania (2018), n = 1305). Simple, multiple logistic regression analyses and random-effect meta-analysis were conducted to identify factors associated with tobacco use susceptibility as the lack of a firm commitment not to smoke. Nearly a quarter of the students were susceptible to tobacco use in 4 of 5 countries. The following factors were identified, consistently across countries, as correlates of tobacco use susceptibility: exposure to passive smoking in public places (AOR from 1.3; p = 0.05 in Slovakia to 1.6; p < 0.01 in Czech Republic and Romania), peers smoking status (AOR from 1.8 p < 0.01 in Slovakia to 2.5; p < 0.01 Lithuania), opinion that smoking helped people feel more comfortable at celebrations (AOR from 1.3; p = 0.01 in Czech Republic to 1.9; p < 0.01 in Lithuania), noticing people using tobacco in mass media (AOR 1.5; p < 0.01 in Slovenia and 1.6; p < 0.01 in Lithuania), lack of knowledge on harmful effects of passive smoking (AOR 1.8; p < 0.01 in Slovakia and 2.4; p < 0.01 in Slovenia), lack of antismoking education provided by school (AOR 1.3; p < 0.05 in Czech Republic, Slovakia and Slovenia; 1.9; p < 0.01 in Lithuania), and family (AOR 1.5; p < 0.01 in Slovenia and Romania). Moreover those who believed that smoking makes young people look less attractive (AOR from 0.5; p < 0.01 in Romania to 0.7; p = 0.05 in Lithuania) and that people who smoke have less friends (AOR 0.7; p ≤ 0.06) turned out to be less susceptible to tobacco use initiation. In Czech Republic and Slovenia significantly higher susceptibility to tobacco use was observed among females as compared to males (AOR 1.4; p < 0.01), whereas in Romania opposite pattern, although not significant, was observed (p = 0.3). Having more money available for own expenses, positively correlated with smoking suitability in all countries (AOR > 1.5; p < 0.01) except Lithuania where youth with more money available tend to be less susceptible to tobacco use (p > 0.05). Youth who share the opinion that people who smoke have more friends were more susceptible to smoking in Romania (AOR 1.4; p = 0.04) but tend to be less susceptible in other countries. Exposure to advertisements at points of sale was significant correlate of tobacco use susceptibility in Slovakia and Slovenia (AOR 1.4 and 1.5 respectively; p < 0.05), with moderate heterogeneity between the countries. A high proportion of youth from central and eastern European countries was susceptible to tobacco use. Social factors, and those related to educational and policy issues as well as to attitudes regarding tobacco use were strongly, and consistently across countries, correlated with tobacco use susceptibility. Slight differences in susceptibility to tobacco use between the countries were related to: sex, money available for own expenses, exposure to advertisements at points of sale and opinion that people who smoke have more friends. These factors should be considered when designing and implementing anti-tobacco activities among young people. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-12493-6.
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影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Chen, Ping-Ling;Huang, Wei-Gang;Chao, Kun-Yu
通讯作者：
Chao, Kun-Yu
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Christophi, Costas A.;Sawides, Elena Charis G.;Connolly, Gregory N.
通讯作者：
Connolly, Gregory N.
DOI：
10.1016/0197-2456(86)90046-2
发表时间：
1986-09-01
期刊：
CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIALS
影响因子：
--
作者：
DERSIMONIAN, R;LAIRD, N
通讯作者：
LAIRD, N
影响因子：
6
作者：
Bogdanovica, Ilze;Szatkowski, Lisa;Britton, John
通讯作者：
Britton, John
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Castrucci, Brian C;Gerlach, Karen K;Orleans, C Tracy
通讯作者：
Orleans, C Tracy