Adjusting for Confounding with Text Matching

Adjusting for Confounding with Text Matching
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调整文本匹配的混淆

DOI:
10.1111/ajps.12526
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Nielsen, Richard A.
Nielsen, Richard A.
中科院分区:
法学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Roberts, Margaret E.;Stewart, Brandon M.;Nielsen, Richard A.

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我们发现,在观察性研究中,对文本进行条件反射可以解决混淆问题。我们认为匹配方法特别适合于这项任务,但现有的匹配方法不足以处理高维文本数据。我们提出的解决方案是通过匹配来估计文本的低维摘要和基于该摘要的条件。我们提出了一种文本匹配的方法,主题逆回归匹配,允许分析师在混淆文档的主题内容和每个文档被处理的概率上进行匹配。我们验证了我们的方法,并说明了文本条件化的重要性,以解决与两个应用程序的混淆:作者性别观念对国际关系文献中引文数量的影响,以及审查制度对中国社交媒体用户的影响。
We identify situations in which conditioning on text can address confounding in observational studies. We argue that a matching approach is particularly well‐suited to this task, but existing matching methods are ill‐equipped to handle high‐dimensional text data. Our proposed solution is to estimate a low‐dimensional summary of the text and condition on this summary via matching. We propose a method of text matching, topical inverse regression matching, that allows the analyst to match both on the topical content of confounding documents and the probability that each of these documents is treated. We validate our approach and illustrate the importance of conditioning on text to address confounding with two applications: the effect of perceptions of author gender on citation counts in the international relations literature and the effects of censorship on Chinese social media users.
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