Massively parallel profiling of RNA-targeting CRISPR-Cas13d.

Massively parallel profiling of RNA-targeting CRISPR-Cas13d.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-024-44738-w
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发表时间:
2024-01-12
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Finkelstein, Ilya J.
Finkelstein, Ilya J.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kuo, Hung-Che;Prupes, Joshua;Chou, Chia-Wei;Finkelstein, Ilya J.

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CRISPR-Cas 13 d切割RNA并用于体内和诊断。然而,缺乏对其RNA结合和切割特异性的系统了解。在这里,我们描述了一种RNA芯片杂交关联映射平台(RNA-CHAMP),用于测量相对于CRISPR RNA(crRNA)含有结构扰动和其他改变的> 10,000种RNA的结合亲和力。Cas 13 d的深度分析揭示,它不需要原型间隔区侧翼序列,但对靶RNA内的二级结构非常敏感。Cas 13 d结合受到远端crRNA-靶RNA区域中的错配的惩罚,而近端区域中的改变抑制核酸酶活性。从这些数据建立的生物物理模型揭示了靶识别起始于靶RNA的远端。使用这个模型,我们设计了可以通过调节核酸酶激活来区分SARS-CoV-2变体的crRNA。这项工作描述了VI型CRISPR酶靶向RNA的关键决定因素。缺乏对CRISPR酶RNA结合特异性和切割的系统性理解。在这里,作者报告了RNA芯片杂交关联映射平台(RNA-CHAMP),这是一种重新利用下一代DNA测序芯片来测量RNA靶点结合亲和力的工作流程。
CRISPR-Cas13d cleaves RNA and is used in vivo and for diagnostics. However, a systematic understanding of its RNA binding and cleavage specificity is lacking. Here, we describe an RNA Chip-Hybridized Association-Mapping Platform (RNA-CHAMP) for measuring the binding affinity for > 10,000 RNAs containing structural perturbations and other alterations relative to the CRISPR RNA (crRNA). Deep profiling of Cas13d reveals that it does not require a protospacer flanking sequence but is exquisitely sensitive to secondary structure within the target RNA. Cas13d binding is penalized by mismatches in the distal crRNA-target RNA region, while alterations in the proximal region inhibit nuclease activity. A biophysical model built from these data reveals that target recognition initiates in the distal end of the target RNA. Using this model, we design crRNAs that can differentiate between SARS-CoV-2 variants by modulating nuclease activation. This work describes the key determinants of RNA targeting by a type VI CRISPR enzyme. Systematic understanding of CRISPR enzyme RNA binding specificity and cleavage is lacking. Here the authors report RNA chip-hybridised association-mapping platform (RNA-CHAMP), a workflow that repurposes next generation DNA sequencing chips to measure the binding affinity for RNA targets.
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