Changes in food pricing and availability on the Navajo Nation following a 2% tax on unhealthy foods: The Healthy Diné Nation Act of 2014.
Changes in food pricing and availability on the Navajo Nation following a 2% tax on unhealthy foods: The Healthy Diné Nation Act of 2014.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0256683
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Shin SS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
George C;Bancroft C;Salt SK;Curley CS;Curley C;de Heer HD;Yazzie D;Eddie R;Antone-Nez R;Shin SS
2014年，纳瓦霍族健康饮食法（Navajo Nation Healthy Diné Nation Act，HDNA）获得通过，对“最低至无营养价值”的食品征收2%的税，并免除健康食品5%的销售税，这是美国和全球主权部落国家中第一次征收此类税。这项研究的目的是衡量价格的变化和纳瓦霍民族商店的食品供应后，实施HDNA。2013年和2019年，使用适用于纳瓦霍族的营养环境测量调查商店（NEMS-S）进行了商店观察。观察包括商店的位置，类型，是否促进健康食品或HDNA，以及新鲜水果和蔬菜，罐头食品，饮料，水，小吃和传统食品的供应和定价。测试了2013年和2019年之间以及商店类型和位置之间的差异。匹配的样本包括71家商店（51家在纳瓦霍族，20家在边境城镇）。2019年，大部分纳瓦霍商店都有新鲜农产品，71%的商店出售至少3种水果，65%的商店出售至少3种蔬菜。与边境城镇便利店相比，2019年纳瓦霍便利店的新鲜蔬菜供应量更大，新鲜水果供应量也相当。纳瓦霍商店每件新鲜水果的平均成本下降了13%（从0.88美元降至0.76美元），边境商店的平均成本增加了（从0.63美元增至0.73美元），导致纳瓦霍和边境商店的价格在2019年相当。虽然与2013年相比，2019年有更多的纳瓦霍商店提供羊肉，蓝玉米和野生植物，但这些变化在统计上并不显著。研究结果表明，纳瓦霍商店环境和水果和蔬菜的高可用性略有改善。纳瓦霍商店在当地食品系统中发挥着重要作用，为生活在这个农村部落社区的个人提供当地健康食品。
In 2014, the Navajo Nation Healthy Diné Nation Act (HDNA) was passed, combining a 2% tax on foods of ‘minimal-to-no-nutritional value’ and waiver of 5% sales tax on healthy foods, the first-ever such tax in the U.S. and globally among a sovereign tribal nation. The aim of this study was to measure changes in pricing and food availability in stores on the Navajo Nation following the implementation of the HDNA. Store observations were conducted in 2013 and 2019 using the Nutrition Environment Measurement Survey-Stores (NEMS-S) adapted for the Navajo Nation. Observations included store location, type, whether healthy foods or HDNA were promoted, and availability and pricing of fresh fruits and vegetables, canned items, beverages, water, snacks and traditional foods. Differences between 2013 and 2019 and by store type and location were tested. The matched sample included 71 stores (51 in the Navajo Nation and 20 in border towns). In 2019, fresh produce was available in the majority of Navajo stores, with 71% selling at least 3 types of fruit and 65% selling at least 3 types of vegetables. Compared with border town convenience stores, Navajo convenience stores had greater availability of fresh vegetables and comparable availability of fresh fruit in 2019. The average cost per item of fresh fruit decreased by 13% in Navajo stores (from $0.88 to $0.76) and increased in border stores (from $0.63 to $0.73), resulting in comparable prices in Navajo and border stores in 2019. While more Navajo stores offered mutton, blue corn and wild plants in 2019 compared to 2013, these changes were not statistically significant. The findings suggest modest improvements in the Navajo store environment and high availability of fruits and vegetables. Navajo stores play an important role in the local food system and provide access to local, healthy foods for individuals living in this rural, tribal community.
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影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Kumar, Gayathri;Jim-Martin, Sonlatsa;Curley, Larry
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.21149/7994
发表时间：
2017-04-01
期刊：
Salud Pública de México
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Rivera-Dommarco, Juan A
影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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