Toxicity of Ag, CuO and ZnO nanoparticles to selected environmentally relevant test organisms and mammalian cells in vitro: a critical review.
Toxicity of Ag, CuO and ZnO nanoparticles to selected environmentally relevant test organisms and mammalian cells in vitro: a critical review.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00204-013-1079-4
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发表时间：
2013-07
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Kahru, Anne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bondarenko, Olesja;Juganson, Katre;Ivask, Angela;Kasemets, Kaja;Mortimer, Monika;Kahru, Anne
氧化铜（CuO）、氧化锌（ZnO）以及尤其是纳米银的纳米颗粒（NP）被有意地用于对抗细菌、真菌和藻类的不期望的生长。然而，这些纳米颗粒从消费品和家用产品释放到废物流中并进一步进入环境中，可能对“非目标”生物体构成威胁，例如天然微生物和水生生物。本文综述了近年来银（Ag）、氧化铜（CuO）和氧化锌（ZnO）纳米粒子的生态毒性研究进展。在生物体方面，它侧重于用于生态毒理学危害分析的关键试验物种。为了进行比较，解决了所研究的NP对体外哺乳动物细胞的毒性作用。对藻类、甲壳类动物、鱼类、细菌、酵母、线虫、原生动物和哺乳动物细胞系共获得317个L（E）C50或最小抑菌浓度（MIC）值。作为一项规则，甲壳类动物，藻类和鱼类被证明是最敏感的研究纳米粒子。Ag纳米颗粒、CuO纳米颗粒和ZnO纳米颗粒（mg/L）的中值L（E）C50值对于甲壳类动物分别为0.01、2.1和2.3;对于藻类分别为0.36、2.8和0.08;对于鱼类分别为1.36、100和3.0。令人惊讶的是，纳米颗粒对细菌的毒性小于对水生生物的毒性：Ag、CuO和ZnO纳米颗粒对细菌的中值MIC值分别为7.1、200和500 mg/L。相比之下，哺乳动物细胞的中位L（E）C50值分别为11.3、25和43 mg/L。因此，所有三种含金属的纳米颗粒对靶生物和非靶生物的毒性范围重叠，这表明应从消费品中沥滤杀生物纳米颗粒。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1007/s 00204 -013-1079-4）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Nanoparticles (NPs) of copper oxide (CuO), zinc oxide (ZnO) and especially nanosilver are intentionally used to fight the undesirable growth of bacteria, fungi and algae. Release of these NPs from consumer and household products into waste streams and further into the environment may, however, pose threat to the ‘non-target’ organisms, such as natural microbes and aquatic organisms. This review summarizes the recent research on (eco)toxicity of silver (Ag), CuO and ZnO NPs. Organism-wise it focuses on key test species used for the analysis of ecotoxicological hazard. For comparison, the toxic effects of studied NPs toward mammalian cells in vitro were addressed. Altogether 317 L(E)C50 or minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values were obtained for algae, crustaceans, fish, bacteria, yeast, nematodes, protozoa and mammalian cell lines. As a rule, crustaceans, algae and fish proved most sensitive to the studied NPs. The median L(E)C50 values of Ag NPs, CuO NPs and ZnO NPs (mg/L) were 0.01, 2.1 and 2.3 for crustaceans; 0.36, 2.8 and 0.08 for algae; and 1.36, 100 and 3.0 for fish, respectively. Surprisingly, the NPs were less toxic to bacteria than to aquatic organisms: the median MIC values for bacteria were 7.1, 200 and 500 mg/L for Ag, CuO and ZnO NPs, respectively. In comparison, the respective median L(E)C50 values for mammalian cells were 11.3, 25 and 43 mg/L. Thus, the toxic range of all the three metal-containing NPs to target- and non-target organisms overlaps, indicating that the leaching of biocidal NPs from consumer products should be addressed. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00204-013-1079-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Baker, Jonathan;Sitthisak, Sutthirat;Morrissey, Julie A.
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Bao, Vivien W. W.;Leung, Kenneth M. Y.;Lam, Michael H. W.
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Lam, Michael H. W.
影响因子：
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作者：
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Gabbay, J
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通讯作者：
Klabunde, KJ
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作者：
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