Integrative Functions of Lactational Hormones in Social Behavior and Stress Management a
Integrative Functions of Lactational Hormones in Social Behavior and Stress Management a
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泌乳激素在社会行为和压力管理中的综合功能
DOI：
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
M. Altemus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. S. Carter;M. Altemus
哺乳动物要想成功繁殖，自卫和反社会行为必须服从于积极的社会行为，至少在出生、哺乳和性行为期间是这样。也许，调节社会行为和对抗行为之间相互作用的重要任务，部分是由两个相关的神经化学系统之间的相互作用来管理的，这两个系统在其功能中包含催产素和加压素。神经肽催产素和加压素参与重要的生殖功能，如分娩和哺乳，以及稳态反应，包括肾上腺轴的调节。最近的证据也暗示这些激素在生殖行为的社会方面。例如，催产素对各种积极的社会行为都很重要，包括对母婴互动的调节。在成年动物中，催产素可以促进与社会依恋和配对结合相关的社会接触和选择性社会互动，并且它参与副交感神经功能的调节。与此相反，加压素与可能被广泛归类为“防御性”的行为相关，包括增强的唤醒、注意力或警惕性、增加的攻击性行为和交感神经功能的普遍增加。这些激素的功能和我们自己最近的研究结果的文献的基础上，我们提出，催产素和血管加压素之间的动态相互作用是一个更大的系统，它集成了与哺乳动物的社会行为和并发调节的压力轴的神经内分泌和自主神经的变化的组成部分。此外，哺乳期女性的研究提供了一个有价值的模型，了解更一般的神经内分泌的压力轴。肽类激素，包括催产素和加压素，不容易穿过血脑屏障，必须集中给药（i.c.v.）到达大脑鼻腔喷雾剂已被用于促进乳汁分泌，并已用于一些行为研究，但这些化合物到达大脑的程度尚不清楚。因此，几乎没有什么是已知的关于集中管理催产素在人类的影响。人类哺乳的研究，结合动物研究，提供了一个机会，开始发展可行的假设，关于催产素的行为影响。
For mammalian reproduction to succeed, self-defense and asociality must be subjugated to positive social behaviors, at least during birth, lactation, and sexual behavior. Perhaps the important task of regulating the interaction between social and agonistic behaviors is managed, in part, by interactions between two related neurochemical systems that incorporate oxytocin and vasopressin in their functions. The neuropeptides oxytocin and vasopressin participate in important reproductive functions, such as parturition and lactation, and homeostatic responses, including modulation of the adrenal axis. Recent evidence also implicates these hormones in social aspects of reproductive behaviors. For example, oxytocin is important for a variety of positive social behaviors, including the regulation of maternal-infant interactions. In adult animals, oxytocin may facilitate both social contact and selective social interactions associated with social attachment and pair bonding, and it participates in the regulation of parasympathetic functions. Vasopressin, in contrast, is associated with behaviors that might be broadly classified as "defensive" including enhanced arousal, attention, or vigilance, increased aggressive behavior, and a general increase in sympathetic functions. On the basis of the literature on the functions of these hormones and our own recent findings, we propose that dynamic interactions between oxytocin and vasopressin are components of a larger system which integrates the neuroendocrine and autonomic changes associated with mammalian social behaviors and the concurrent regulation of the stress axis. In addition, studies of lactating females provide a valuable model for understanding the more general neuroendocrinology of the stress axis. Peptide hormones, including oxytocin and vasopressin, do not readily cross the blood-brain barrier and must be administered centrally (i.c.v.) to reach the brain. Nasal sprays have been used to promote milk let down and have been used in some behavioral studies, but the extent to which such compounds reach the brain is not known. Therefore, virtually nothing is known regarding the effects in humans of centrally administered oxytocin. The study of human lactation, in conjunction with animal research, provides an opportunity to begin to develop viable hypotheses regarding the behavioral effects of oxytocin.
DOI：
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
Anxiety
影响因子：
--
作者：
Klein,DF;Skrobala,AM;Garfinkel,RS
通讯作者：
Garfinkel,RS
DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm/147.5.1100
发表时间：
1993-05
期刊：
The American review of respiratory disease
影响因子：
--
作者：
T. Gordon;P. Weideman;A. Gunnison
通讯作者：
T. Gordon;P. Weideman;A. Gunnison