Planetary food regimes: Understanding the entanglement between human and planetary health in the Anthropocene
Planetary food regimes: Understanding the entanglement between human and planetary health in the Anthropocene
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行星食物制度：了解人类世中人类与地球健康之间的纠葛
DOI：
10.1111/geoj.12407
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Beacham J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beacham J
粮食制度理论为绘制农业粮食和资本主义政治经济之间的等高线的地理视角提供了一个持续和反复出现的兴趣框架。主要借鉴马克思的调节理论，食物制度理论的分析框架概述了从1870年开始到现在的三个阶段性制度。然而，关于我们如何描述当代第三种政权的特征，以及它是一种具有自己特定条件的政权，还是仅仅是第二种政权的持久残余，仍然存在着持续而未解决的争论。我认为，试图描述第三种制度的一个未被承认的方面在于人类与地球健康之间的联系，人类世的诊断鼓励我们在动荡的全球环境变化中认识到这一点。鉴于食物制度理论在其解释框架内与生态动力学的回避关系，我认为对其核心贡献的“全球性”重新理论化越来越有先见之明。考虑到困扰当代政权的日益紧张和矛盾，并以大豆为例，我研究了三个核心论点。首先，行星重新理论化有助于揭示行星动态如何塑造社会生活，使粮食制度得以实现（尽管从未完全决定）。其次，人们在饮食习惯中吃什么和如何吃具有全球意义，这在以生产为中心的饮食制度理论分析中在某种程度上被边缘化了。第三，概念上的人类世强调了地球和人类健康是如何错综复杂、千丝万缕地联系在一起的，食物制度理论必须更好地解释这一点。最后，我提出，当代第三种政体的解释潜力正在被拉伸，有争议的轨迹和新生的轮廓提出了关于我们如何理解我们今天所经历的事情的问题。
Food regime theory provides a framework of continued and recurring interest to geographical perspectives in charting the contours connecting agri‐food and capitalist political economy. Drawing principally on Marxian regulation theory, the analytical framework of food regime theory outlines three periodised regimes from the starting point of 1870 to the present day. Yet there remains ongoing and unresolved debate as to how we characterise the contemporary third regime – and whether it is a regime on its own specific terms or merely an enduring hangover from the second. I argue that an underacknowledged dimension of attempts to characterise the third regime lies in the conjoined relationship between human and planetary health, which the diagnosis of the Anthropocene encourages us to recognise amid tumultuous global environmental change. Given food regime theory's evasive relationship with ecological dynamics within its explanatory framework, I suggest that a “planetary” retheorisation of its central contributions is increasingly prescient. In considering the growing tensions and contradictions afflicting the contemporary regime, and using soy as a working example, I work through three central arguments. First, that a planetary retheorisation serves to reveal the way in which planetary dynamics shape social life, enabling – albeit never wholly determining – food regimes. Second, that what and how people eat in their dietary practices are of planetary significance, which has been to some degree marginalised within the production‐centric analyses of food regime theory. Third, that the conceptual Anthropocene highlights how planetary and human health are intricately and inextricably connected, which food regime theory must better account for. I conclude by proposing that the explanatory potential of the contemporary third regime is being stretched, with contested trajectories and nascent contours raising questions around how we might understand quite what we are living through today.
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DOI：
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