Human epididymis protein-4 (HE-4): a novel cross-class protease inhibitor.

Human epididymis protein-4 (HE-4): a novel cross-class protease inhibitor.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0047672
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Yadav S
Yadav S
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chhikara N;Saraswat M;Tomar AK;Dey S;Singh S;Yadav S

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附睾蛋白是精子成熟所必需的因子,在精子成熟过程中起着至关重要的作用。人附睾蛋白4(HE - 4)是一种附睾蛋白,是乳清酸性蛋白四二硫键核心(WFDC)家族的成员,其功能尚不明确。一种WFDC蛋白具有一个由50个氨基酸组成的保守WFDC结构域,其中包含8个保守的半胱氨酸残基。HE - 4是一种由124个氨基酸组成的多肽,具有两个WFDC结构域。在此,我们表明HE - 4在人类精液中是以二硫键连接的同源三聚体形式分泌的,并且是一种跨类蛋白酶抑制剂,以血红蛋白为底物进行检测时,它能抑制一些丝氨酸、天冬氨酸和半胱氨酸蛋白酶。通过表面等离子体共振(SPR)我们还观察到HE - 4与所有这些蛋白酶都有显著的结合。二硫键对于这种活性是必不可少的。此外,HE - 4是N - 糖基化的,并且在广泛的pH值和温度范围内具有高度的稳定性。综上所述,这表明HE - 4是一种跨类蛋白酶抑制剂,它可能对具有蛋白水解性质的微生物毒力因子提供保护作用。
Epididymal proteins represent the factors necessary for maturation of sperm and play a crucial role in sperm maturation. HE-4, an epididymal protein, is a member of whey acidic protein four-disulfide core (WFDC) family with no known function. A WFDC protein has a conserved WFDC domain of 50 amino acids with eight conserved cystine residue. HE-4 is a 124 amino acid long polypeptide with two WFDC domains. Here, we show that HE-4 is secreted in the human seminal fluid as a disulfide-bonded homo-trimer and is a cross-class protease inhibitor inhibits some of the serine, aspartyl and cysteine proteases tested using hemoglobin as a substrate. Using SPR we have also observed that HE-4 shows a significant binding with all these proteases. Disulfide linkages are essential for this activity. Moreover, HE-4 is N-glycosylated and highly stable on a wide range of pH and temperature. Taken together this suggests that HE-4 is a cross-class protease inhibitor which might confer protection against microbial virulence factors of proteolytic nature.
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