Rapid presynaptic maturation in naturally regenerating axons

Rapid presynaptic maturation in naturally regenerating axons
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自然再生轴突的突触前快速成熟

DOI:
10.1101/2022.06.09.493421
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Browne L
Browne L
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Browne L

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成功的神经元再生需要重新建立突触连接。这一过程的关键是负责控制神经递质释放的突触前机制的重建。在哺乳动物成年中枢神经系统中,损伤后再生通常只有在广泛的实验干预后才有可能,并且尚不清楚如何重建突触前功能,更不用说如何优化它以促进功能恢复。在这里,我们通过研究完全自然发生的再生过程中的突触前成熟来解决这些问题。毒素引起的损伤后,成年小鼠嗅上皮中的嗅觉感觉神经元可以完全再生,将轴突发送到大脑,与嗅球中的突触后伙伴重新建立突触接触。使用急性切片中的电生理记录,我们发现在最初的重新接触后,该系统中的功能连接迅速建立。此外,重连突触前末梢具有近乎成熟的功能特性,包括高释放概率和强大的突触前抑制能力。然后发布的可能性很快就成熟了,在初次接触一周后,重新建立的终端在功能上与控制装置没有什么区别。这些数据表明,成年哺乳动物大脑中成功的突触再生并不完全是一个“即插即用”的过程;相反,几乎成熟的突触前末梢经历了功能成熟的快速阶段,以重新整合到已建立的目标网络中。
Successful neuronal regeneration requires the re-establishment of synaptic connectivity. Crucial to this process is the reconstitution of presynaptic machinery responsible for controlling neurotransmitter release. In the mammalian adult CNS post-injury regeneration is usually only possible after extensive experimental intervention, and it is unknown how presynaptic function is re-established, let alone how it might be optimised to promote functional recovery. Here we addressed these questions by studying presynaptic maturation during a regenerative process that occurs entirely naturally. After toxin-induced injury, olfactory sensory neurons in the adult mouse olfactory epithelium can regenerate fully, sending axons to the brain to re-establish synaptic contact with postsynaptic partners in the olfactory bulb. Using electrophysiological recordings in acute slices, we found that after initial re-contact, functional connectivity in this system was rapidly established. Moreover, re-connecting presynaptic terminals had almost mature functional properties, including high release probability and a strong capacity for presynaptic inhibition. Release probability then matured quickly, rendering re-established terminals functionally indistinguishable from controls just one week after initial contact. These data show that successful synaptic regeneration in the adult mammalian brain is not quite a ‘plug-and-play’ process; instead, almost-mature presynaptic terminals undergo a rapid phase of functional maturation to re-integrate into established target networks.
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