Consequences of phonological variation for algorithmic word segmentation

Consequences of phonological variation for algorithmic word segmentation
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算法分词的语音变化的后果

DOI:
10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105401
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Swingley, Daniel
Swingley, Daniel
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Beech, Caroline;Swingley, Daniel

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在第一年,婴儿开始学习他们的语言的单词。先前的研究表明,语音中的某些统计数据可以帮助婴儿将语音流分割成单词,从而形成一个原型词汇,可以支持最终的词汇学习。然而,分词的计算模型通常使用比实际语音变化少得多的语言输入进行测试。我们表明,使用实际的,转录的发音,而不是字典发音相同的语音会导致更差的分割性能的模型。我们还发现,语音变量输入词汇建设带来了严重的问题,因为即使是正确分割的单词形式表现出复杂的,多对多的关系与扬声器的意图的话。许多语音上不同的词形式实际上是同一个意中的词,许多相同的词形来自不同的意中的词。事实上,以前的模型似乎大大高估了简单的统计分析的效用,这表明需要考虑不同的婴儿期词汇的形成。
Over the first year, infants begin to learn the words of their language. Previous work suggests that certain statistical regularities in speech could help infants segment the speech stream into words, thereby forming a proto-lexicon that could support learning of the eventual vocabulary. However, computational models of word segmentation have typically been tested using language input that is much less variable than actual speech is. We show that using actual, transcribed pronunciations rather than dictionary pronunciations of the same speech leads to worse segmentation performance across models. We also find that phonologically variable input poses serious problems for lexicon building, because even correctly segmented word forms exhibit a complex, many-to-many relationship with speakers' intended words. Many phonologically distinct word forms were actually the same intended word, and many identical transcriptions came from different intended words. The fact that previous models appear to have substantially overestimated the utility of simple statistical heuristics suggests a need to consider the formation of the lexicon in infancy differently.
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