Context dependence in a tropical forest: Repeated disturbance reduces soil nitrate response but increases phosphate
Context dependence in a tropical forest: Repeated disturbance reduces soil nitrate response but increases phosphate
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热带森林中的环境依赖性：反复干扰会降低土壤硝酸盐反应，但会增加磷酸盐
DOI：
10.1002/ecs2.4068
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Potter, Jody D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McDowell, William H.;Potter, Jody D.
飓风和其他极端事件在许多地区正在增加，但它们对生态系统功能的长期影响尚不确定。在森林生态系统中，土壤溶液化学是评估干扰对养分循环和溶解有机碳动态影响的重要工具。在这里，我们利用在波多黎各Luquillo实验森林的山地热带站点收集的16年实验和观测结果的新组合来解决土壤溶液化学对干扰制度的依赖。在树冠修剪和碎屑处理（2004年）、重复处理（2014年）、干旱（2015年）和飓风玛丽亚（2017年）的不同组合下，对土壤溶液进行了采样。土壤溶液对干扰敏感，但具有弹性，12-18个月后恢复到基线水平。任何涉及林冠损失和森林地面碎屑输入的干扰都会导致硝酸盐浓度增加，但随着重复干扰，响应减弱。在没有接受实验操作的地块中，溶血仪对飓风玛丽亚的反应是之前操作的1.5倍。因此，对干扰的响应表现出明显的上下文依赖性，干扰历史影响干扰响应。在营养物质和主要离子中，只有硝酸盐对实验操作、干旱和飓风玛丽亚有反应。与硝酸盐相比，土壤溶液钾在最初的实验操作中没有改变，但在干旱和飓风玛丽亚之后急剧增加。在玛丽亚飓风过后，磷只增加了，而且只在两次试验修剪和在森林地面上沉积砍断树枝的地块上增加了。这些地块中溶解有机物的化学计量也发生了变化，碳氮比降低。钾的响应表明，热带气旋和干旱对根系的损害是生物地球化学对热带风暴响应的重要驱动因素。连续扰动事件对土壤氮损失的抑制和磷损失的增加表明，热带风暴和干旱频率的增加将导致土壤生物地球化学循环的根本改变，对森林结构的影响不确定。
Hurricanes and other extreme events are increasing in many regions, yet their long‐term impacts on ecosystem function are uncertain. In forested ecosystems, soil solution chemistry provides an important tool to assess the impacts of disturbance on nutrient cycling and dissolved organic carbon dynamics. Here, we address the dependence of soil solution chemistry on disturbance regime using a novel combination of both experimental and observational results collected over a period of 16 years in montane tropical sites in the Luquillo Experimental Forest of Puerto Rico. Soil solution was sampled following various combinations of canopy trimming and detrital manipulation (2004), repeated manipulation (2014), drought (2015), and Hurricane Maria (2017). Soil solution was sensitive to disturbance but resilient, with return to baseline after 12–18 months. Any disturbance regime that involved loss of canopy and detrital inputs to the forest floor resulted in increased nitrate concentrations, but the response declined with repeated disturbance. Lysimeters in plots that had received no experimental manipulation had 1.5 times higher response to Hurricane Maria than those previously manipulated. The response to disturbance thus showed clear context dependence, with disturbance history affecting disturbance response. Among the nutrients and major ions, only nitrate showed a response to experimental manipulations, drought, and Hurricane Maria. In contrast to nitrate, soil solution potassium was unaltered by initial experimental manipulation but increased dramatically following drought and Hurricane Maria. Phosphorus only increased following Hurricane Maria and only in plots that had twice received experimental trimming and deposition of cut branches on the forest floor. Stoichiometry of dissolved organic matter also changed in these plots, with decreased carbon to nitrogen ratios. The potassium response suggests that damage to roots from tropical cyclones and drought is an important driver of the biogeochemical response to tropical storms. Dampening of soil nitrogen losses and increases in phosphorus losses following successive disturbance events indicates that increased frequency of tropical storms and droughts will result in fundamental alteration of soil biogeochemical cycles, with uncertain effects on forest structure.
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波多黎各亚热带湿森林中地上碳对实验和自然飓风影响的响应
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Hervé Chevalier;N. Brokaw;S. Ward;J. Zimmerman;A. Shiels;J. Bithorn;Samuel Matta Carmona
通讯作者：
Samuel Matta Carmona
波多黎各亚热带湿森林中植物对模拟飓风影响的反应
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
A. Shiels;J. Zimmerman;D. García‐Montiel;I. Jonckheere;J. Holm;D. Horton;N. Brokaw
通讯作者：
N. Brokaw
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
McDowell, William H.;Leon, Miguel C.;Shattuck, Michelle D.;Potter, Jody D.;Heartsill‐Scalley, Tamara;González, Grizelle;Shanley, James B.;Wymore, Adam S.
通讯作者：
Wymore, Adam S.
溶解有机氮对源头水流中硝酸盐有效性的直接响应
影响因子：
4
作者：
A. Wymore;B. Rodríguez‐Cardona;W. McDowell
通讯作者：
W. McDowell
影响因子：
--
作者：
W. McDowell;T. Wood
通讯作者：
W. McDowell;T. Wood