Reachability Based Trajectory Generation Combining Global Graph Search in Task Space and Local Optimization in Configuration Space

Reachability Based Trajectory Generation Combining Global Graph Search in Task Space and Local Optimization in Configuration Space
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结合任务空间中的全局图搜索和配置空间中的局部优化的基于可达性的轨迹生成

DOI:
10.1109/iros47612.2022.9981906
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
2022 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kanehiro Fumio
Kanehiro Fumio
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kumagai Iori;Murooka Masaki;Morisawa Mitsuharu;Kanehiro Fumio

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在本文中,我们提出了一个机器人的轨迹规划框架,该框架利用预先计算的末端执行器轨迹数据库作为基于优化的逆运动学的指导。构造了机器人离线可达图,该图表示具有相应构型的可行末端执行器路径。在进行在线轨迹规划时,我们对可达图进行A*搜索,在任务空间中全局寻找输入起点和目标之间的可行路径。它的代价函数有依赖于机器人的分离项,它来自于可达图中保留的构型的可操作性,并且依赖于环境。然后,利用末端执行器轨迹及其相应构型作为导引,求解基于优化的运动学逆解,生成最优关节轨迹,避免局部最优。通过与现有方法的比较,我们定量地评估了我们的框架,以确认它在抑制计算时间的同时取得了很高的成功率和结果质量。并将其应用于实际的物料搬运任务,定性地证明了其实用性。结果表明,该方法提高了基于优化的运动学逆解的性能,避免了局部最优,并且能够适应预先计算的运动数据库的不同环境。
In this paper, we propose a trajectory planning framework for a robot that exploits a pre-computed database of end-effector trajectories as the guidance of optimization-based inverse kinematics. We constructed a reachable graph of a robot offline, which represents feasible end-effector paths with corresponding configurations. When performing the online trajectory planning, we applied A* search to the reachable graph to find a feasible path between input start and goal globally in the task space. Its cost function has the separated term dependent on the robot, which comes from the manipulability of configurations preserved in the reachable graph, and that is dependent on the environment. Then, we solve optimization-based inverse kinematics to generate an optimal joint trajectory while utilizing the end-effector trajectory and its corresponding configurations as the guidance to avoid local optimum. We evaluated our framework quantitatively by comparing it with existing methods to confirm that it achieved a high success rate and quality of results while suppressing its computational time. We also qualitatively proved its practicality by applying it to the material handling task in the real-world. This result shows that it improved the performance of the optimization-based inverse kinematics avoiding local optimum and applicability to the different environments of the pre-computed motion database.
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