Puberty as a critical risk period for eating disorders: a review of human and animal studies.
Puberty as a critical risk period for eating disorders: a review of human and animal studies.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.yhbeh.2013.02.019
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发表时间：
2013-07
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Klump, Kelly L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klump, Kelly L.
青春期是最常被讨论的饮食失调发展的风险期之一。流行的理论提出了由心理社会影响引起的环境介导的风险来源（例如，对身体的不满增加，自尊心下降）。然而，最近的研究强调了卵巢激素在青春期饮食失调的表型和遗传风险中的潜在作用。本文的目的是回顾来自人类和动物研究的数据，以支持青春期作为饮食失调的关键风险期，并评估激素贡献的证据。数据一致表明，青春期状态和青春期时间显著影响女孩大多数饮食失调的风险，例如，在横断面和纵向研究中，青春期发育和青春期早期时间与饮食失调及其症状的发病率增加相关。男孩的研究结果不太一致，表明青春期在男孩饮食失调风险中的作用较小。双胞胎和动物研究表明，至少部分女性特有的风险是由于与青春期雌激素激活相关的遗传因素。总之，迄今为止的数据支持青春期在饮食失调风险中的作用，并强调需要对青春期饮食失调的激素和遗传风险进行额外的人类和动物研究。
Puberty is one of the most frequently discussed risk periods for the development of eating disorders. Prevailing theories propose environmentally mediated sources of risk arising from the psychosocial effects (e.g., increased body dissatisfaction, decreased self-esteem) of pubertal development in girls. However, recent research highlights the potential role of ovarian hormones in phenotypic and genetic risk for eating disorders during puberty. The goal of this paper is to review data from human and animal studies in support of puberty as a critical risk period for eating disorders and evaluate the evidence for hormonal contributions. Data are consistent in suggesting that both pubertal status and pubertal timing significantly impact risk for most eating disorders in girls, such that advanced pubertal development and early pubertal timing are associated with increased rates of eating disorders and their symptoms in both cross-sectional and longitudinal research. Findings in boys have been much less consistent and suggest a smaller role for puberty in risk for eating disorders in boys. Twin and animal studies indicate that at least part of the female-specific risk is due to genetic factors associated with estrogen activation at puberty. In conclusion, data thus far support a role for puberty in risk for eating disorders and highlight the need for additional human and animal studies of hormonal and genetic risk for eating disorders during puberty.
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