Recognition and cleavage of 5-methylcytosine DNA by bacterial SRA-HNH proteins.

Recognition and cleavage of 5-methylcytosine DNA by bacterial SRA-HNH proteins.
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细菌 SRA-HNH 蛋白对 5-甲基胞嘧啶 DNA 的识别和切割。

DOI:
10.1093/nar/gku1376
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发表时间:
2015-01
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
He X
He X
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Han T;Yamada-Mabuchi M;Zhao G;Li L;Liu G;Ou HY;Deng Z;Zheng Y;He X

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SET和环指相关(SRA)结构域参与真核生物DNA甲基化的建立和维持。含有SRA结构域的蛋白存在于哺乳动物、植物甚至微生物中。哺乳动物SRA结构域通过碱基翻转机制识别5-甲基胞嘧啶(5 mC)。在这里,我们确定和表征了两个SRA结构域的蛋白质,具有共同的结构域结构的N-末端SRA结构域和C-末端HNH核酸酶结构域,Sco 5333从天蓝色链霉菌和Tbis 1从热双孢菌。sco 5333和tbis 1都不能在甲基化的大肠杆菌宿主(dcm+)中建立,并且这种体内毒性需要SRA和HNH结构域。纯化的Sco 5333和Tbis 1在Mg ~(2+)、Mn ~(2+)和Co ~(2+)存在下表现出较弱的DNA切割活性,而Zn ~(2+)则抑制其切割活性。Sco 5333和Tbis 1在所有序列背景下都与含5 mC的DNA结合,并且对甲基化DNA的结合亲和力比非甲基化DNA的结合亲和力至少高100倍。我们认为甲基特异性SRA结构域和弱活性HNH结构域的连接可能代表了竞争外来甲基化DNA的普遍机制,但最大程度地减少了对自身染色体的损伤。
SET and RING-finger-associated (SRA) domain is involved in establishment and maintenance of DNA methylation in eukaryotes. Proteins containing SRA domains exist in mammals, plants, even microorganisms. It has been established that mammalian SRA domain recognizes 5-methylcytosine (5mC) through a base-flipping mechanism. Here, we identified and characterized two SRA domain-containing proteins with the common domain architecture of N-terminal SRA domain and C-terminal HNH nuclease domain, Sco5333 from Streptomyces coelicolor and Tbis1 from Thermobispora bispora. Both sco5333 and tbis1 cannot establish in methylated Escherichia coli hosts (dcm+), and this in vivo toxicity requires both SRA and HNH domain. Purified Sco5333 and Tbis1 displayed weak DNA cleavage activity in the presence of Mg2+, Mn2+ and Co2+ and the cleavage activity was suppressed by Zn2+. Both Sco5333 and Tbis1 bind to 5mC-containing DNA in all sequence contexts and have at least a preference of 100 folds in binding affinity for methylated DNA over non-methylated one. We suggest that linkage of methyl-specific SRA domain and weakly active HNH domain may represent a universal mechanism in competing alien methylated DNA but to maximum extent minimizing damage to its own chromosome.
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