The best wildflowers for wild bees
The best wildflowers for wild bees
复制标题
最适合野蜂的野花
DOI：
10.1007/s10841-019-00180-8
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Nichols R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nichols R
政府农业环境计划（AES）旨在通过播种野花种子混合物来提高农田授粉者的丰度和多样性。这些通常含有高比例的豆科植物，特别是三叶草（三叶草），这对一些大黄蜂物种有吸引力，但对英国约240种独居蜜蜂中的大多数没有吸引力。在这里，我们确定野花是有吸引力的更大范围的野生蜜蜂物种。45种野生花卉品种被养殖的商业种子生产在一个单一的农场进行了调查，为本地蜜蜂。2018年4月至8月，蜜蜂在离散的野花区进行了散步。结果表明，在种子混合物中包括一系列的伞形科、菊科和天竺葵科将满足蜜蜂物种的广泛多样性。共有9个科的14种野花吸引了农场记录的40种蜜蜂中的37种，占所有访问的99.7%。这14个物种中只有两个包含在当前的AES传粉者混合物中。出乎意料的是，很少有熊蜂访问Trifoliumspp。(0.5%），但对熊蜂具有较强的吸引力，而对马桑花和草地天竺葵则具有较强的吸引力。对于独居蜜蜂，Crepis capillaris，Sinapsis arvensis，Convolvulus arvensis和Chaerophyllum temulum是表现最好的物种，其中没有一种通常包括在播种的花混合物中。我们建议，AES中使用的标准“授粉者”混合物可能会更新，以包括这些野花物种中的一些，并在农田中作为种子混合物进行试验。
Governmental agri-environment schemes (AES) aim to improve pollinator abundance and diversity on farmland by sowing wildflower seed mixes. These often contain high proportions of Fabaceae, particularlyTrifolium(clovers), which are attractive to some bumblebee species, but not to most of the ~ 240 solitary bee species in the UK. Here we identify wildflowers that are attractive to a greater range of wild bee species. Forty-five wildflower species being farmed for commercial seed production on a single farm were surveyed for native bees. Bee walks were conducted through discrete wildflower areas from April until August in 2018. The results indicate that including a range of Apiaceae, Asteraceae, and Geraniaceae in seed mixes would cater for a wide diversity of bee species. A total of 14 wildflower species across nine families attracted 37 out of the 40 bee species recorded on the farm, and accounted for 99.7% of all visitations. Only two of these 14 species are included in current AES pollinator mixes. Unexpectedly, few visits were made by bumblebees toTrifoliumspp. (0.5%), despite their being considered an important food source for bumblebees, whileAnthyllis vulnerariaandGeranium pratensewere highly attractive. For solitary bees,Crepis capillaris,Sinapsis arvensis,Convolvulus arvensisandChaerophyllum temulumwere amongst the best performing species, none of which are usually included in sown flower mixes. We suggest that the standard ‘pollinator’ mixes used in AES might be updated to include some of these wildflower species, and trialled as seed mixes on farmland.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Heard, M. S.;Carvell, C.;Bourke, A. F. G.
通讯作者：
Bourke, A. F. G.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Goulson, Dave;Lye, Gillian C.;Darvill, Ben
通讯作者：
Darvill, Ben
有针对性的农业环境计划显着改善了常见农田熊蜂物种的种群规模
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
T. Wood;J. Holland;W. Hughes;D. Goulson
通讯作者：
D. Goulson
影响因子：
--
作者：
D. Goulson
通讯作者：
D. Goulson
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Hanley, M. E.;Franco, M.;Goulson, D.
通讯作者：
Goulson, D.