Structural Perspectives of Insulin Receptor Isoform-Selective Insulin Analogs.

Structural Perspectives of Insulin Receptor Isoform-Selective Insulin Analogs.
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DOI:
10.3389/fendo.2017.00167
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Žáková L
Žáková L
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jiráček J;Žáková L

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外源性胰岛素对糖尿病患者的一个显著缺点是胰岛素作用的非生理性特征导致肝脏葡萄糖产生抑制不足,这是空腹条件下糖尿病高血糖的主要因素,也是恢复糖尿病更生理性葡萄糖特征的挑战基础。胰岛素受体(IR)存在于IR- a和IR- b两种选择性剪接的变体中,它们具有不同的组织分布。虽然外周组织含有不同比例的这两种亚型,但肝细胞几乎完全含有IR-B。在这方面,ir - b选择性胰岛素类似物将因其在糖尿病中恢复更多自然代谢稳态的潜力而引起极大的兴趣。胰岛素和IR结构生物学的最新进展为理解这两种蛋白的相互作用提供了新的线索。本文讨论并提供了一些结构角度的设计特异性胰岛素类似物与IR-B优先结合。
A significant drawback of the exogenous administration of insulin to diabetics is the non-physiological profile of insulin action resulting in the insufficient suppression of hepatic glucose production, which is the main contributing factor to diabetic hyperglycemia under fasting conditions and the basis of the challenge to restore a more physiological glucose profile in diabetes. The insulin receptor (IR) exists in two alternatively spliced variants, IR-A and IR-B, with different tissue distribution. While peripheral tissues contain different proportions of both isoforms, hepatic cells almost exclusively contain IR-B. In this respect, IR-B-selective insulin analogs would be of great interest for their potential to restore more natural metabolic homeostasis in diabetes. Recent advances in the structural biology of insulin and IR have provided new clues for understanding the interaction of both proteins. This article discusses and offers some structural perspectives for the design of specific insulin analogs with a preferential binding to IR-B.
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