Microenvironmental autophagy promotes tumour growth.

Microenvironmental autophagy promotes tumour growth.
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DOI:
10.1038/nature20815
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发表时间:
2017-01-19
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Rusten TE
Rusten TE
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Katheder NS;Khezri R;O'Farrell F;Schultz SW;Jain A;Rahman MM;Schink KO;Theodossiou TA;Johansen T;Juhász G;Bilder D;Brech A;Stenmark H;Rusten TE

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As malignant tumours develop, they interact intimately with their microenvironment and can activate autophagy, a catabolic process which provides nutrients during starvation. How tumours regulate autophagy in vivo and whether autophagy affects tumour growth is controversial. Here we demonstrate, using a well characterized Drosophila melanogaster malignant tumour model, that non-cell-autonomous autophagy is induced both in the tumour microenvironment and systemically in distant tissues. Tumour growth can be pharmacologically restrained using autophagy inhibitors, and early-stage tumour growth and invasion are genetically dependent on autophagy within the local tumour microenvironment. Induction of autophagy is mediated by Drosophila tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-6-like signalling from metabolically stressed tumour cells, whereas tumour growth depends on active amino acid transport. We show that dormant growth-impaired tumours from autophagy-deficient animals reactivate tumorous growth when transplanted into autophagy-proficient hosts. We conclude that transformed cells engage surrounding normal cells as active and essential microenvironmental contributors to early tumour growth through nutrient-generating autophagy.
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