Estuarine Circulation, Mixing, and Residence Times in the Salish Sea

Estuarine Circulation, Mixing, and Residence Times in the Salish Sea
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萨利希海的河口环流、混合和停留时间

DOI:
10.1029/2020jc016738
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Garnier, S.
Garnier, S.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
MacCready, P.;McCabe, R. M.;Siedlecki, S. A.;Lorenz, M.;Giddings, S. N.;Bos, J.;Albertson, S.;Banas, N. S.;Garnier, S.

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一个现实的数值模式是用来研究的Salish海,一个大的,复杂的河口系统在美国和加拿大西海岸的环流和混合。萨利希海具有生物生产力,支持许多重要的渔业,但受到经常性缺氧和海洋酸化的威胁,因此清楚地了解其环流模式和停留时间是有价值的。河口交换流量在3年(2017-2019年)的39个部分使用总交换流量方法进行量化。垂直混合在37节之间的部分被量化为相反的垂直运输:流出和回流。外流是指深的,向陆地流动的水混合成浅的,向海洋流动的层的一部分的速率。同样,回流是指上层水向下混合形成向陆地流入的一部分的速率。这些水平和垂直的运输被用来创建一个盒子模型,以探索在许多不同的子体积,季节和年份中的停留时间。从箱模型的停留时间通常被发现是比那些更简单的计算冲洗时间的基础上。停留时间较长部分是由于回流,部分是由于子体积中示踪剂不完全均匀化。本文提出的方法对其它河口具有广泛的适用性。
A realistic numerical model is used to study the circulation and mixing of the Salish Sea, a large, complex estuarine system on the United States and Canadian west coast. The Salish Sea is biologically productive and supports many important fisheries but is threatened by recurrent hypoxia and ocean acidification, so a clear understanding of its circulation patterns and residence times is of value. The estuarine exchange flow is quantified at 39 sections over 3 years (2017–2019) using the Total Exchange Flow method. Vertical mixing in the 37 segments between sections is quantified as opposing vertical transports: the efflux and reflux. Efflux refers to the rate at which deep, landward‐flowing water is mixed up to become part of the shallow, seaward‐flowing layer. Similarly, reflux refers to the rate at which upper layer water is mixed down to form part of the landward inflow. These horizontal and vertical transports are used to create a box model to explore residence times in a number of different sub‐volumes, seasons, and years. Residence times from the box model are generally found to be longer than those based on simpler calculations of flushing time. The longer residence times are partly due to reflux, and partly due to incomplete tracer homogenization in sub‐volumes. The methods presented here are broadly applicable to other estuaries.
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