Widening epidemiological data on the prevalence of child maltreatment: Validation of the German ICAST-R in a student sample and national household survey.
Widening epidemiological data on the prevalence of child maltreatment: Validation of the German ICAST-R in a student sample and national household survey.
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扩大关于虐待儿童发生率的流行病学数据：在学生样本和全国家庭调查中验证德国 ICAST-R。
DOI：
10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106038
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Jarczok M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jarczok M
背景：在不同的国家，许多衡量儿童虐待（CM）流行程度的工具被反复使用。尽管它们有可能提供基准，以解决各国CM患病率缺乏可比性的差距，但有关不良经历的背景信息（如肇事者、慢性、频率或严重程度）很少被涵盖。ISPCAN儿童虐待筛查工具-回顾（ICAST-R）涵盖了这些重要方面。德文版本将可用的版本增加到21种不同的语言。大约有1.2亿人使用德语，它是世界上20种最流行的语言之一。此外，ICAST-R是为年轻人设计的。本研究旨在进一步填补老年群体心理测量学的空白。方法分析基于德国学生样本（n = 333）和全国代表性家庭调查（n = 2515）。验证过程包括六个步骤：(1)对单个项目缺失数据进行分析；(2)计算描述性统计以估计CM的患病率、主观严重程度和主要肇事者。(3)采用验证性因子分析（confirmatory factor analysis， CFA）对忽视、身体虐待、情绪虐待和性虐待四个概念型的结构效度进行检验。接下来(4)，在代表性样本中对各年龄组进行多组验证性因子分析（MGCFA）的等价性检验；(5)通过麦当劳ω量表、库德-理查德森20量表（KR-20）和Cronbach's alpha量表测定各子量表的内部一致性来检验信度。最后(6)，在比较单一受害和多重受害的抑郁/焦虑症状的回归模型中测试了标准效度。结果两种样本的德国ICAST-R缺失值项均较低。在全国家庭调查中，16%的参与者报告了忽视，20.3%的人报告了身体虐待，22.2%的人报告了精神虐待，8.6%的人报告了性虐待。多重受害普遍存在，20.6%的受试者报告bb20型CM。参与试点调查的学生报告的患病率估计值远高于全国代表性样本的参与者。主观认为最有害的CM类型是情感虐待和性虐待。在这两个样本中，结构效度同样得到证实，因为CFA再现了四种概念化的CM亚型，具有足够的拟合性（家庭调查：CFI 0.919, TLI 0.907, RMSEA 0.017, SRMR 0.046）。所有三种系数的内部一致性达到可接受和可比较的值；标准效度建立在CM经历对焦虑和抑郁症状/诊断的显著剂量反应效应上。家庭调查的结构效度（MGCFA）和信度的年龄依赖分析揭示了项目的潜在弱点。结论德国版ICAST-R不仅扩大了国际CM患病率比较的可能性，而且为德国提供了关于CM主观严重程度和CM肇事者的新的流行病学数据。即使存在明显的选择偏差，ICAST-R在学生和全国代表性家庭样本中也具有类似的良好心理测量特性。除了两个项目的问题外，等效性测试在不同年龄组之间具有可比性。
BackgroundA number of instruments for measuring child maltreatment (CM) prevalence have repeatedly been used across different countries. Although they hold the potential for providing benchmarks to tackle the gap of lacking comparability of CM prevalence across countries, contextual information about the adverse experiences such as perpetrator, chronicity, frequency, or severity are rarely covered. The ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool - Retrospective (ICAST-R) covers these important dimensions. The German version increases the number of available versions to 21 different languages. Spoken by about 120 million people, German is one of the 20 most prevalent languages around the world. Moreover, the ICAST-R is intended to be used with young adults. This study further aims at adding towards the gap of psychometrics in older age groups.MethodsAnalyses are based on both a sample of German students (n = 333) and a nationally representative household survey (n = 2515). The validation process covered six steps: (1) Analyses of missing data on single items, (2) calculation of descriptive statistics to estimate the prevalence CM as well as subjective severity and main perpetrators. (3) Structural validity of the four conceptualized subtypes of CM (neglect, physical abuse, emotional abuse and sexual abuse) was tested using confirmatory factor analyses (CFA). Next (4), equivalence testing by multigroup confirmatory factor analyses (MGCFA) on age groups was conducted within the representative sample; (5) reliability was tested by determining internal consistencies for each subscale via the McDonald's Omega, Kuder-Richardson 20 (KR-20), and Cronbach's alpha. Lastly (6), criterion validity was tested in regression models comparing depressive/anxious symptomatology for single victimization and polyvictimization.ResultsThe German ICAST-R yielded low missing values items in both samples. 16 % of the participants in the national household survey reported neglect, 20.3 % physical abuse, 22.2 % emotional abuse, and 8.6 % sexual abuse. Polyvictimization was prevalent with 20.6 % of subjects reporting >2 types of CM. Students in the pilot-survey reported much higher prevalence estimates than participants in the nationally representative sample. The types of CM subjectively rated as most harmful were emotional abuse and sexual abuse. In both samples, structural validity was similarly confirmed as CFA was reproducing the four conceptualized subtypes of CM with adequate fit (household survey: CFI 0.919, TLI 0.907, RMSEA 0.017, SRMR 0.046). Internal consistency achieved acceptable and comparable values for all three types of coefficients; criterion validity was established with a significant dose-response effect of CM experiences on both anxiety and depressive symptoms/diagnoses. Age dependent analyses on structural validity (MGCFA) and reliability in the household survey revealed potential weaknesses of items.ConclusionThe German version of the ICAST-R both widens the possibility of international CM prevalence comparison and provides novel epidemiological data for Germany on subjective severity of CM and CM perpetrators. Even in the presence of a marked selection bias, the ICAST-R had similarly good psychometric properties in the student and nationally representative household sample. Except for issues with two items, equivalence testing was comparable across age groups.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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