Linker histone H1 prevents R-loop accumulation and genome instability in heterochromatin.

Linker histone H1 prevents R-loop accumulation and genome instability in heterochromatin.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-017-00338-5
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发表时间:
2017-08-18
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Azorín F
Azorín F
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bayona-Feliu A;Casas-Lamesa A;Reina O;Bernués J;Azorín F

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连接体组蛋白H1是染色质的重要结构成分,它稳定核小体并将核丝压缩成高阶结构。然而,组蛋白H1的生物学特性仍然知之甚少。本研究表明,果蝇组蛋白H1 (dH1)可以防止基因组不稳定,这表明在dH1缺失的细胞中,γ - h2av (H2AvS137P)含量增加,DNA断裂和姐妹染色单体交换的发生率高。γ - h2av的增加优先发生在异色元件上,当dH1耗尽时,异色元件会上调,这是由于DNA:RNA杂交体(r环)的异常积累造成的。r环的积累在g1期很容易检测到,而γ - h2av主要在DNA复制期间增加。这些缺陷诱导jnk介导的细胞凋亡,并且是dH1缺失的特异性,因为当异染色质沉默被HP1a缺失缓解时,它们没有被观察到。总之,我们的研究结果表明,组蛋白H1阻止了异染色质中r -环诱导的DNA损伤,并揭示了其对维持基因组稳定性的重要贡献。虽然连接蛋白H1在将真核基因组包装成染色质中的结构重要性是众所周知的,但其生物学功能仍然知之甚少。在这里,作者揭示了果蝇连接蛋白H1可以阻止DNA:RNA杂交体在异染色质中的积累和基因组的不稳定性。
Linker histone H1 is an important structural component of chromatin that stabilizes the nucleosome and compacts the nucleofilament into higher-order structures. The biology of histone H1 remains, however, poorly understood. Here we show that Drosophila histone H1 (dH1) prevents genome instability as indicated by the increased γH2Av (H2AvS137P) content and the high incidence of DNA breaks and sister-chromatid exchanges observed in dH1-depleted cells. Increased γH2Av occurs preferentially at heterochromatic elements, which are upregulated upon dH1 depletion, and is due to the abnormal accumulation of DNA:RNA hybrids (R-loops). R-loops accumulation is readily detectable in G1-phase, whereas γH2Av increases mainly during DNA replication. These defects induce JNK-mediated apoptosis and are specific of dH1 depletion since they are not observed when heterochromatin silencing is relieved by HP1a depletion. Altogether, our results suggest that histone H1 prevents R-loops-induced DNA damage in heterochromatin and unveil its essential contribution to maintenance of genome stability. While structural importance of linker histone H1 in packaging eukaryotic genome into chromatin is well known, its biological function remains poorly understood. Here the authors reveal that Drosophila linker histone H1 prevents DNA:RNA hybrids accumulation and genome instability in heterochromatin.
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