The politics of labour relations in global production networks: Collective action, industrial parks, and local conflict in the Ethiopian apparel sector
The politics of labour relations in global production networks: Collective action, industrial parks, and local conflict in the Ethiopian apparel sector
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全球生产网络中的劳动关系政治：集体行动、工业园区和埃塞俄比亚服装行业的局部冲突
DOI：
10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105564
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Oya C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Oya C
在本文中，我们以埃塞俄比亚服装行业为例，研究了随着新的制造地点被纳入现有的全球生产网络而出现的劳动力代理政治。埃塞俄比亚政府采取了积极的天基产业政策，吸引领先的服装制造商入驻该国一系列新的工业园区。投资者和埃塞俄比亚政府都希望找到大量愿意以低工资工作的、顺从的劳动力。然而，这个新行业已经引发了工人集体和个人的抵制浪潮。我们询问哪些因素有助于驱动和限制劳动力机构，并塑造与全球领先生产网络相关的企业所采取的具体形式。通过对工厂工人的大规模定量调查以及对经理、工人、工会代表和政府官员的深入定性访谈，我们表明劳资关系的质量不仅取决于国家行动和生产网络中领先企业的商业战略，还取决于有组织和无组织的埃塞俄比亚工人使用的各种形式的劳务代理机构。我们发现，许多工业冲突是由于制造企业的生产力要求与全球生产网络中要求高但附加值低的部分相关的生产力要求与先前工业工作经验有限的工人的期望之间的冲突造成的，但由于不同国家机构的相互矛盾的行动、缺乏正式的工会以及工厂的不满情绪与当地政治冲突的偶然相互作用而加剧了冲突。工业园区成为具有特殊争议的空间。我们的研究结果强调需要根据当地政治现实来理解劳工制度。这些发现对于旨在支持新兴制造业集群中的企业和工人的产业政策和劳动力市场机构的设计具有影响。
In this paper we examine the emerging politics of labour agency as new manufacturing locations are incorporated into existing global production networks, using the example of the Ethiopian apparel industry. The Ethiopian state has employed an active space-based industrial policy to attract leading apparel manufacturers into a series of new industrial parks in the country. Both investors and the Ethiopian government expected to find a large and pliant labour force willing to work for low wages. However, the new sector has already seen a wave of collective and individual resistance from workers. We ask which factors contribute to drive and constrain labour agency and shape the specific forms it takes in firms tied into leading global production networks. Drawing on a large-N quantitative survey of factory workers and in-depth qualitative interviews with managers, workers, trade union representatives and government officials, we show how the quality of industrial relations depends not just on state action and the business strategies of lead firms in production networks, but also on variegated forms of labour agency used both by organised and unorganised Ethiopian workers. We find that many industrial conflicts result from the collision of the productivity imperatives of manufacturing firms tied into demanding, but low value-added, segments of global production networks with the expectations of workers with limited prior experience in industrial jobs, but are compounded by the contradictory actions of different state agencies, a lack of formal unionisation, and the contingent interactions of factory based grievances with local political conflicts. Industrial parks emerge as spaces of particular contestation. Our findings highlight the need to adopt an understanding of labour regimes grounded in local political realities. These findings have implications for the design of industrial policies and labour market institutions aiming to support firms and workers in emerging manufacturing clusters.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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作者：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1468-2338.2008.00510.x
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
Labor: Public Policy & Regulation eJournal
影响因子：
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作者：
M. Atzeni
通讯作者：
M. Atzeni