Fueling thought: Management of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in neuronal metabolism.
Fueling thought: Management of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in neuronal metabolism.
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.201803152
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发表时间：
2018-07-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yellen G
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文献类型：
--
作者：
Yellen G
耶伦回顾了当神经元受到刺激时，细胞代谢如何对神经元的强烈能量需求做出敏锐的反应。大脑的能量需求无论是在强度还是在瞬间的动态范围上都是显着的。这一观点考虑了大脑对急性激活的短暂代谢反应期间类似瓦尔堡有氧糖酵解的证据，并且特别解决了这种代谢反应背后的细胞机制。糖酵解和氧化磷酸化之间的暂时解偶联导致了星形胶质细胞到神经元乳酸穿梭的提议，在刺激过程中，星形胶质细胞中糖酵解增加产生的乳酸被神经元吸收作为其主要能量来源。然而，这一想法缺乏直接证据，并且证据支持神经元有能力响应刺激而增加自身的糖酵解；此外，神经元可能会输出而不是输入乳酸以响应刺激。还讨论了在神经元中调用能量代谢补给的可能细胞机制，特别是通过二磷酸腺苷的反馈信号和通过钙离子的前馈信号的作用。
Yellen reviews how cellular metabolism responds acutely to the intense energy requirements of neurons when they are stimulated. The brain’s energy demands are remarkable both in their intensity and in their moment-to-moment dynamic range. This perspective considers the evidence for Warburg-like aerobic glycolysis during the transient metabolic response of the brain to acute activation, and it particularly addresses the cellular mechanisms that underlie this metabolic response. The temporary uncoupling between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation led to the proposal of an astrocyte-to-neuron lactate shuttle whereby during stimulation, lactate produced by increased glycolysis in astrocytes is taken up by neurons as their primary energy source. However, direct evidence for this idea is lacking, and evidence rather supports that neurons have the capacity to increase their own glycolysis in response to stimulation; furthermore, neurons may export rather than import lactate in response to stimulation. The possible cellular mechanisms for invoking metabolic resupply of energy in neurons are also discussed, in particular the roles of feedback signaling via adenosine diphosphate and feedforward signaling by calcium ions.
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