Deep Learning of Histopathology Images at the Single Cell Level.

Deep Learning of Histopathology Images at the Single Cell Level.
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单细胞水平组织病理学图像的深度学习。

DOI:
10.3389/frai.2021.754641
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Tan AC
Tan AC
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lee K;Lockhart JH;Xie M;Chaudhary R;Slebos RJC;Flores ER;Chung CH;Tan AC

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肿瘤免疫微环境(TIME)包括许多异质性细胞类型,这些细胞类型参与癌症,免疫和基质成分之间的广泛串扰。这些不同细胞类型在时间上的空间组织可以用作预测药物反应、预后和转移的生物标志物。最近,深度学习方法已被广泛用于癌症诊断和诊断的数字组织病理学图像。此外,最近的一些方法试图整合空间和分子组学数据,以更好地表征时间。在这篇综述中,我们专注于基于机器学习的数字组织病理学图像分析方法来表征肿瘤生态系统。在这篇综述中,我们将考虑机器学习可以操作的三种不同尺度的组织病理学分析:全切片图像(WSI)级,感兴趣区域(ROI)级和细胞级。我们将系统地回顾这三个尺度中的各种机器学习方法,重点是细胞级分析。我们将提供使用免疫组织化学标记物来“弱标记”细胞类型生成细胞水平训练数据集的工作流程透视图。我们将描述准备数据的工作流程中的一些常见步骤,以及这种方法的一些限制。最后,我们将讨论未来的机会,整合分子组学数据与数字组织病理学图像表征肿瘤生态系统。
The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) encompasses many heterogeneous cell types that engage in extensive crosstalk among the cancer, immune, and stromal components. The spatial organization of these different cell types in TIME could be used as biomarkers for predicting drug responses, prognosis and metastasis. Recently, deep learning approaches have been widely used for digital histopathology images for cancer diagnoses and prognoses. Furthermore, some recent approaches have attempted to integrate spatial and molecular omics data to better characterize the TIME. In this review we focus on machine learning-based digital histopathology image analysis methods for characterizing tumor ecosystem. In this review, we will consider three different scales of histopathological analyses that machine learning can operate within: whole slide image (WSI)-level, region of interest (ROI)-level, and cell-level. We will systematically review the various machine learning methods in these three scales with a focus on cell-level analysis. We will provide a perspective of workflow on generating cell-level training data sets using immunohistochemistry markers to “weakly-label” the cell types. We will describe some common steps in the workflow of preparing the data, as well as some limitations of this approach. Finally, we will discuss future opportunities of integrating molecular omics data with digital histopathology images for characterizing tumor ecosystem.
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